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Scientific Data Documentation
24-Hour Food Composition Intake (1971-75)
DSN: CC37.HANES1.FCINTAKE ABSTRACT HEALTH AND NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY, 1971-1975 Contents HANES 1971-1975 Description of Survey Target Population Data Collection Use of HANES Data Errors in the Data Sets and Survey Differences Variance Estimation General Notes Demographic Data Demographic Data Summary Record Layout Demographic Data Detailed Notes Demographic DataDESCRIPTION OF SURVEY Description of Survey: A detailed description of the design, content and operation of HANES I is provided in the following reports: Plan and Operation of the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, DHEW Pub. No. (HSM) 73-1310, Series 1, Nos. 10a and 10b, Public Health Service, Washington, D. C., U. S. Government Printing Office, February 1973. Also provided is a draft report on the augmentation survey of adults describing the relevant field work conducted between July 1974 and October 1975. TARGET POPULATION Target Population: HANES I was conducted on a nationwide probability sample of approximately 32,000 persons, ages 1-74 years, from the civilian, noninstitutionalized population of the coterminous United States, excepting those persons residing on Indian reservations. The survey started in April 1971 and for many survey components was completed in June 1974. The HANES I sample was selected so that certain population groups thought to be at high risk of malnutrition (persons with low incomes, preschool children, women of childbearing age and the elderly) were oversampled at known rates. Adjusted sampling weights were then computed within 60 age, sex and race categories in order to inflate the sample in such a manner as to closely reflect the noninstitutionalized population, ages 1-74 years, of the United States at the midpoint of the survey. Although the main emphasis of HANES I was on nutrition, a subset of those sample persons aged 25-74 received a more detailed health examination which was continued through October 1975. No particular oversampling of subgroups of the population was done in this subsample (e.g., women of childbearing age were not oversampled as they were for the major nutrition component of HANES I). This subsample is also representative of the United States population aged 25-74 during the time of HANES I. After the nutrition survey was completed, the detailed examination given to the 25-74 age group was continued until the total number of examined persons was approximately double the number of examinees who received the detailed examination during the nutrition survey. DATA COLLECTION Data Collection: Information for all examined sample persons in HANES I was obtained by means of a household interview, a general medical history, a 24-hour dietary intake recall interview, a food frequency interview, a food program questionnaire, a general medical examination, dental, dermatological and ophthalmological examinations, anthropometric measurement, hand-wrist x-rays (of those ages 1-17 only) and 24 hematological, blood chemistry, and urological laboratory determinations. In addition to the information received on all examined persons by means of the above questionnaires, procedures and measurements, the following data were gathered on the subsample of adults aged 25-74: a medical history supplement; supplementary questionnaires concerning arthritis, respiratory and cardiovascular conditions (when applicable); a health care needs question- naire; a general well-being questionnaire; an extended medical examination; x-rays of the chest and hip and knee joints; audiometry, electrocardiography; goniometry; spirometry; pulmonary diffusion and tuberculin tests; along with additional laboratory determinations. USE OF HANES DATA With the goal of mutual benefit, NCHS requests the cooperation of recipients of data tapes in certain actions related to their use: A. Any published material derived from the data should acknowledge the National Center for Health Statistics as the original source. It should also include a disclaimer which credits any analyses, interpretations, or conclusions reached to the author (recipient of the tape) and not to NCHS, which is responsible only for the initial data. B. Consumers who wish to publish a technical description of the data will make a reasonable effort to insure that the description is not inconsistent with that published by NCHS. This does not mean, however that NCHS will review such descriptions. ERRORS IN THE DATA SETS AND SURVEY DIFFERENCES The data users' tapes have been subjected to a great deal of careful editing. However, due to the large volume of data in the series, it is likely that a small number of errors or discrepancies remain undetected. We would appre- ciate if any such errors are detected that they be brought to our attention so that new corrected copies of the tape can be created and errata sheets issued to previous purchasers. Some of the continuous data items have extremely high or low values and we have verified that they do in fact appear that way on the hard documents; that is, we have verified that the values have not been incorrectly keyed. In general, we have not attempted to resolve any differences that may exist between estimates derived from the various subsamples of HANES I. Nor have we made any comparisons between estimates from HANES I and previous surveys conducted by the Division of Health Examination Statistics. VARIANCE ESTIMATION Because the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is based upon a complex sample design, the assumptions of many statistical tests and routinely avail- able statistical programs are not met. For this reason, when estimates of the variances of statistics from HANES are computed, the technique of estimation must be based upon complex sampling theory. In order to provide the user with the capability of estimating the complex sample variances, we have provided Strata and Primary Sampling Unit (PSU) codes on the HANES user tapes in tape positions 194-198. However, these codes are suitable for making variance estimates only for examination locations 1-65 and 1-100. To compute variance estimates for examination locations 1-35 or 66-100, it is necessary to recode the current Strata-PSU codes according to the specifications that follow. The resultant recoded Strata-PSU codes should be used only for locations 1-35 and 66-100. One computer program that should be widely available sometime around the summer of 1978 as part of the Statistical Analysis System (available from the SAS Institute, Inc., Post Office Box 10066, Raleigh, North Carolina 27605) is capable of using the Strata-PSU codes provided for HANES to compute complex sample variances. Other programs may also be available. In those Strata, referred to as certainty or self-representing Strata, the PSU codes are actually the segment numbers. Neither the Strata codes nor the PSU codes are the original codes used in the formation of the HANES sample design, but are nonetheless a unique Recoding of the original codes. For further discussion of the sample design of HANES, the user should consult the publications of the National Center for Health Statistics--Series-Nos. 10a and 14 and the detailed note for tape positions 158-193. Recode Specifications for Strata-PSU Codes First.--Create a files with only those records in the file for examination locations 1-35.* Second.--Retain 1he original Strata-PSU codes in Strata 7-10 and 13 in the original form as the recoded Strata-PSU codes. Third.--Recode the remaining strata according tot he chart below. Fourth.--Repeat the process for examination locations 66-100.* Old Strata # (tape positions 194-195) New Strata # New PSU 01 01 001 02 01 002 03 03 001 06 03 002 04 04 001 05 04 002 11 11 001 12 11 002 14 14 001 21 14 002 15 15 001 16 15 002 17 17 001 20 17 002 18 18 001 19 18 002 22 22 001 25 22 002 23 23 001 24 23 002 26 26 001 27 26 002 28 28 001 29 28 002 30 30 001 35 30 002 31 31 001 32 31 002 33 33 001 34 33 002 *See detailed note for tape positions 158-193. GENERAL NOTES, DEMOGRAPHIC DATA, HANES I Demographic Information: An advance letter, announcing the forthcoming arrival of an interviewer from the U. S. Bureau of the Census, was mailed to each household that fell into the sample area. The interviewer subsequently visited the household to ascertain its composition and to administer a questionnaire, the primary purpose of which was to obtain demographic information. The questionnaire was administered to each potential sample person that was available and competent enough to respond to questions. In the event that a potential sample person was not at home at the time of interview, any responsible adult in the household was asked to respond to the questions for the absent person. Asterisks on the Tape Description: Some of the data items were obtained only for a particular subsample of HANES. Consequently some of these items appear to have a great deal of missing data (coded as blank) due to nonresponse, but in fact the data are missing because the design of HANES dictated that the item was to be obtained only for a particular subsample. (For further discussion of the various subsamples in HANES the user should see the detailed note for tape positions 158-193.) To alert the user to this fact asterisks were put on the tape des- cription. One asterisk denotes that the data item was obtained only on examinees at locations 1-65, two asterisks denote that it was ob- tained only at location 66-100 and three asterisks denote that it was obtained only on examinees receiving the detailed examination. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA SUMMARY - HANES I Tape Positions Sample sequence number ............................................. 1 Size of place ...................................................... 10 SMSA-not SMSA ...................................................... 11 Type of living quarters............................................. 12 Land usage ......................................................... 13 If rural, asked - How many acres of land are included .............. 14 If 10 acres/more asked - Sale of crops/etc. amount to $50 or more .. 15 If 10 acres/less asked - Sale of crops/etc. amount to $250 or more . 16 Age - head of household ............................................ 17 Sex - head of household ............................................ 19 Highest grade attended - head of household ......................... 20 Race - head of household ........................................... 22 Total number of persons in household ............................... 23 Total sample persons in household .................................. 25 Number of rooms in house ........................................... 27 Is there piped water ............................................... 28 If yes, is there hot and cold piped water .......................... 29 If yes to piped water - Does house have a sink with piped water .... 30 Does house have a range or cook stove .............................. 31 Does house have a refrigerator ..................................... 32 Are kitchen facilities used by anyone not living in household ...... 33 Total family income group .......................................... 34 NOTE: The following income questions were asked only if "Total Family Income" was less than $7,000 Tape Positions During Past Year Did you or Any Members of Your Family Receive Money From: Wages or salaries .................................................. 36 If yes - How much altogether before deductions ..................... 37 Social Security or Railroad Retirement ............................. 41 If yes - How much altogether ....................................... 42 Welfare payments or other public assistance ........................ 46 If yes - How much altogether ....................................... 47 Unemployment or Workman's Compensation ............................. 51 If yes - How much altogether ....................................... 52 Government employee pensions or private pensions ................... 56 If yes - How much altogether ....................................... 57 Dividends, interest or rent ........................................ 61 If yes - How much altogether ....................................... 62 Net income from own non-farm business, professional practice or partnership ...................................................... 66 If yes - How much altogether ....................................... 67 Net income from a farm ............................................. 71 If yes - How much altogether ....................................... 72 Veteran's payments ................................................. 76 If yes - How much altogether ....................................... 77 Alimony, child support or contributions from persons not living in household ........................................................ 81 If yes - How much altogether ....................................... 82 Any other income ................................................... 86 If yes - How much altogether ...................................... 87 Total amount....................................................... 91 Family unit code ................................................... 95 Relationship to head of household .................................. 100 Age at interview ................................................... 101 Race of examined person ............................................ 103 Sex of examined person ............................................. 104 Marital status ..................................................... 105 Date of birth (month and year) ..................................... 106 Place of birth ..................................................... 110 Highest grade of regular school ever attended ...................... 112 Did he finish the grade ............................................ 114 Is he attending school now ......................................... 115 Has he ever attended a school of any kind .......................... 116 If yes - What kind of school ....................................... 117 Any language other than English frequently spoken in the household.. 118 If yes - What language ............................................. 119 What is your main ancestry or national origin ...................... 120 What was he doing most of past three months ........................ 122 If "something else" - What was he doing ............................ 123 If "keeping house" or "something else" - Did he work at a job or business at any time during the past three months ................ 124 If "working" - Did he work full-time or part-time .................. 125 Did he work at any time last week or week before (not around house). 126 If no - Even though he did not work during that time, does he have a job or business ................................................ 127 Tape Positions Was he looking for work or on lay-off from a job ................... 128 If yes - Which ..................................................... 129 Class of worker .................................................... 130 If self-employed in "own" business and not a farm, is the business incorporated ..................................................... 131 Business or industry code .......................................... 132 Occupation code .................................................... 135 Date of examination ................................................ 138 Age at examination ................................................. 144 Farm/non-farm ...................................................... 146 Poverty index ...................................................... 147 Region ............................................................. 150 FOOD PROGRAMS APPLICABILITY ........................................ 151 Are you certified to participate in the food stamp program? ........ 152 Are you buying food stamps now? .................................... 153 What is the main reason you aren't participating in the program? ... 154 Are you certified to participate in commodity distribution program?. 155 Are you receiving commodity foods now for your family? ............. 156 Why aren't you participating in the program? ....................... 157 SAMPLE WEIGHTS ..................................................... 158 STRATA - Primary Sampling Unit (PSU) ............................... 194RECORD LAYOUT, DEMOGRAPHIC DATA HEALTH AND NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY (HANES I) Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 1-5 Sample Sequence Number 6-9 Catalog Number 10 Size of Place Urbanized area with: 1 - 3,000,000 or more Hshld Questionnaire 2 - 1,000,000 to 2,999,999 See Detailed Notes 3 - 250,000 to 999,999 4 - under 250,000 5 - Urban place 25,000 or more outside urbanized area 6 - Urban place 10,000 to 24,999 outside urbanized area 7 - Urban place 2,500 to 9,999 outside urbanized area 8 - Rural 11 SMSA - Not SMSA 1 - In SMSA, in central city Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - In SMSA, not in central city See Detailed Notes 3 - Not in SMSA 12 Type of Living Quarters 1 - Housing Unit Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - Other unit 13 Land Usage 1 - All other Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - Rural 7136 14 If Rural, asked How Many Acres of Land Are Included? Hsehld Questionnaire 1 - 10 or more acres 2 - Less than 10 acres 9 - Not applicable Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 15 If 10 acres or more, asked if Sale of Crops, Etc. Amount to $50 or more? Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - Yes 4 - No 9 - Not applicable 16 If 10 acres or less, asked if Sale of Crops, Etc. Amount to $250 or more? Hsehld Questionnaire 3 - Yes 5 - No 9 - Not applicable 17-18 Age - Head of Hsehld 16-92 as given Hsehld Questionnaire 00 Blank, but applicable 19 Sex - Head of Hsehld Hsehld Questionnaire 1 - Male 2 - Female 20-21 Highest Grade Attended - Head of Hsehld 10 - None Hsehld Questionnaire 21 - 1st grade 22 - 2nd grade 23 - 3rd grade 24 - 4th grade 25 - 5th grade 26 - 6th grade 27 - 7th grade 28 - 8th grade 31 - 9th grade 32 - 10th grade 33 - 11th grade 34 - 12th grade 41 - First year of college 42 - Second year of college 43 - Third year of college 44 - Fourth year of college 45 - Graduate 88 - Blank, but applicable Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 22 Race - Head of Household 1 - White Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - Negro See Detailed Notes 3 - Other 23-24 Total Number of Persons in Household 01-19 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire 25-26 Total Sample Persons in Household 01-07 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire 27 Number of Rooms in House 1-8 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire 9 - 9 or more 28 Is there piped water? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 29 If yes Is there Hot and Cold piped water? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 9 - Not applicable 30 If yes to piped water - Does House Have a Sink with Piped Water? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 9 - Not applicable 31 Does House Have a Range or Cook Stove? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 32 Does House have a Regrigerator? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 33 Are kitchen facilities used by anyone not living in household? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 9 - Not applicable 34-35 Total Family Income Group 11 - Under $1,000(including loss) Hsehld Questionnaire 12 - $1,000-1,999 See Detailed Notes 13 - $2,000-2,999 14 - $3,000-3,999 15 - $4,000-4,999 16 - $5,000-5,999 17 - $6,000-6,999 18 - $7,000-9,999 19 - $10,000-14,999 20 - $15,000-19,999 21 - $20,000-24,999 22 - $25,000 and over 88 - Blank, but applicable NOTE: The following income questions were asked only if "Total Family Income" was less than $7,000 DURING PAST YEAR DID YOU OR ANY MEMBERS OF YOUR FAMILY RECEIVE MONEY FROM: 36 Wages or Salaries? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 3 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 37-40 If yes to above, how much altogether before deductions? 0001-8000 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire 8888 - Blank, but applicable 9999 - Not applicable 41 Social Security or Railroad Retirement? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 3 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 42-45 If yes to above, how much altogether? 0001-6999 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire 8888 - Blank, but applicable 9999 - Not applicable 46 Welfare Payments or Other Public Assistance? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 3 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 47-50 If yes to above, hyow much altogether? 0001-6999 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire 8888 - Blank, but applicable 9999 - Not applicable 51 Unemployment or Workmen's Compensation? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 52-55 If yes to above, how much altogether? 0001-6999 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire 8888 - Blank, but applicable 9999 - Not applicable 56 Government Employee Pensions or Private Pensions? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 57-60 If yes to above, how much altogether? 0001-6999 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire 8888 - Blank, but applicable 9999 - Not applicable 61 Dividends, interest or rent? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 62-65 If yes to above, how much altogether? 0001-6999 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire 8888 - Blank, but applicable 9999 - Not applicable 66 Net income from own non-farm business, professional practice or partnership? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 3 - Loss 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 67-70 If yes to above, how much altogether? 0000-7500 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire 8888 - Blank, but applicable 9999 - Not applicable 71 Net income from a farm? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 3 - Loss 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 72-75 If yes to above, how much altogether? 0000-7500 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire 8888 - Blank, but applicable 9999 - Not applicable 76 Veteran's Payments? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 77-80 If yes to above, how much altogether? 0001-6999 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire 8888 - Blank, but applicable 9999 - Not applicable 81 Alimony, child support or contributions from persons not living in Hsehld? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 82-85 If yes to above, how much altogether? 0001-6999 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire 8888 - Blank, but applicable 9999 - Not applicable 86 Any other income? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 87-90 If yes to above, how much altogether? 0001-6900 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire 8888 - Blank, but applicable 9999 - Not applicable 91-94 Total Amount (Total of Positions 37-90) 0000-6999 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire 8888 - Blank, but applicable 9999 - Not applicable 95-99 FAMILY UNIT CODE Computer generated 00001-23180 See Detailed Notes 100 Relationship to Head of Household (Hsehld Questionnaire) 1 - Head (1 person living along or with non-relatives) 1920 2 - Head (2 or more related persons in family) 4912 3 - Wife 5256 4 - Child 7733 5 - Other relative 928 101-2 Age at Interview 01-74 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 103 Race of Examined Person 1 - White Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - Negro See Detailed Notes 3 - Other 104 Sex of Examined Person 1 - Male Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - Female 105 Marital Status 1 - Under 17 Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - Married 3 - Widowed 4 - Never Married 5 - Divorced 6 - Separated 8 - Blank, but applicable 106-9 Date of Birth (month, year) 01-12 - Month as given Hsehld Questionnaire 00-99 - Year (1896-1973) as given 110-11 Place of Birth (As given) 01-02 Hsehld Questionnaire 04-06 See Detailed Notes 08-13 15-42 44-51 53-56 60-81 91-97 88 - Blank, but applicable 144 Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 112-13 Highest Grade of regular school ever attended? 10 - None Hsehld Questionnaire 21 - 1st grade 22 - 2nd grade 23 - 3rd grade 24 - 4th grade 25 - 5th grade 26 - 6th grade 27 - 7th grade 28 - 8th grade 31 - 9th grade 32 - 10th grade 33 - 11th grade 34 - 12th grade 41 - First year of college 42 - Second year of college 43 - Third year of college 44 - Fourth year of college 45 - Graduate 77 - Special school 88 - Blank, but applicable 99 - Not applicable 114 Did he finish the grade? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 115 Is he attending school now? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 116 Has he ever attended a school of any kind? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 117 If yes, what kind of school? 1 - Nursery Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - Kindergarten 3 - Other 4 - Headstart 5 - Daycare 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 118 Is any language other than English frequently spoken in the household? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 8 - Blank, but applicable 119 If yes, what language? 0 - German Hsehld Questionnaire 1 - Italian 2 - French 3 - Polish 4 - Russian 5 - Spanish 6 - Chinese 7 - Other language 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 120-21 What is your main ancestry or national origin? 00 - German Hsehld Questionnaire 01 - Irish 02 - Italian 03 - French 04 - Polish 05 - Russian 06 - English 07 - Spanish 08 - Mexican 09 - Chinese 10 - Japanese 11 - American Indian 12 - Negro 13 - Jewish 14 - American 15 - Other 88 - Blank, but applicable 99 - Don't know 122 What was he doing most of past three months? 1 - Working Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - Keeping house 3 - Something else 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 123 If "something else" from above, what was he doing? 0 - Laid off Hsehld Questionnaire 1 - Retired 2 - Student 3 - Other 4 - Ill 5 - Staying home 6 - Looking for work 7 - Unable to work 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 124 If "keeping house" or "something else" from above, did he work at a job or business at any time during the past three months? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 125 If "Working" from above, did he work full-time or part-time? 1 - Full-time Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - Part-time 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 126 Did he work at any time last week or the week before (not around house)? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 127 If "no" to above, even though he did not work during that time, does he have a job or business? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 128 If "no" in Position 126, was he looking for work or on lay-off from a job? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 129 If yes to above - which? 1 - Looking Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - Lay-off 3 - Both 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 130 Class of Worker 1 - Private paid Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - Government-Federal 3 - Government-Other 4 - Own 5 - Non-paid 6 - Never worked 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 131 If self-employed in "own" business and not a farm, is the business incorporated? 1 - Yes Hsehld Questionnaire 2 - No 8 - Blank, but applicable 9 - Not applicable 132-34 Business or Industry Code 017-999 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire 135-37 Occupation Code 001-995 - As given Hsehld Questionnaire 138-43 Date of Examination Month - 01-12 as given Control Record Day - 01-31 as given Year - 71-75 as given Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 144-45 Age at Examination 01-75 - As given Computer Generated 146 Farm 1 - Farm Computer Generated 2 - Nonfarm See Detailed Notes 147-49 Poverty Index (X.XX) 001-997 - As given Computer Generated 998 - Index computed 998 See Detailed Notes or greater 999 - Unknown 150 Region 1 - Northeast Computer Generated 2 - Midwest See Detailed Notes 3 - South 4 - West 151 FOOD PROGRAMS APPLICABILITY 1 - Not applicable Food Programs Quest. 2 - No program available 3 - Food stamps available 4 - Commodities available 8 - Blank, but applicable 152 Are you certified to participate in the food stamp program? 1 - Yes Food Programs Quest. 2 - No 9 - Don't know Blank Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 153 Are you buying stamps now? 1 - Yes, regularly Food Programs Quest. 2 - Yes, occasionally 3 - No 8 - Blank, but applicable Blank 154 What is the main reason you aren't participating in the program? 1 - No need Food Programs Quest. 2 - Not enough money at the time 3 - No transportation 4 - Pride 5 - Other 8 - Blank, but applicable Blank 155 Are you certified to participate in the commodity distribution program? 1 - Yes Food Programs Quest. 2 - No 9 - Don't know Blank 156 Are you receiving commodity foods now for your family? 1 - Yes, regularly Food Programs Quest. 2 - Yes, occasionally 3 - No 8 - Blank, but applicable Blank 157 Why aren't you participating in the program? 1 - No need Food Porgrams Quest. 2 - No transportation 3 - Pride 4 - Other 8 - Blank, but applicable Blank Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source SAMPLE WEIGHTS 158-63 Detailed Persons, Location 01-35 See Detailed Notes Blanks 164-69 All Sample Persons, Locations 01-35 See Detailed Notes Blanks 170-75 Detailed Persons, Locations 01-65 See Detailed Notes Blanks 176-81 All Sample Persons, Locations 01-65 See Detailed Notes Blanks 182- Work Area 193 194- STRATA 1/ 195 196- Primary Sampling Unit1/ 198 199- Work Area 200 1/Use only for producing variance estimates for examination locations 1-65 or 1-100. See General Note titled "Variance Estimation" for producing variance estimates for examination locations 1-35 or 66-100. DETAILED NOTES, DEMOGRAPHIC DATA Tape Position 10 Size of Place Size of place classification was derived from the 1960 census. According to the definition used in the 1960 census, the urban population was comprised of all persons living in (a) places of 2,500 inhabitants or more incorporated as cities, boroughs, villages and towns (except towns in New York, New England, and Wisconsin); (b) the densely settled urban fringe, whether incorporated or unincorporated, or urbanized areas; (c) towns in New England and townships in New Jersey and Pennsylvania which contained no incorporated municipalities as subdivisions and had either 2,500 inhabitants or more, or a population of 2,500 to 25,000 and a density of 1,500 persons or more per square mile; (d) counties in states other than the New England states, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, that had no incorporated municipalities within their boundaries and had a density of 1,500 persons per square mile; and (e) unincorporated places of 2,500 inhabitants or more not included in any urban fringe. The remaining population was classified as rural. Urban areas are further classified by population size for places within urbanized areas and other places outside urbanized areas. Tape Position 11 SMSA A standard metropolitan statistical area is basically a county or a group of contiguous counties which contains at least one city of 50,000 inhabitants or more, or "twin cities" with a combined population of at least 50,000. In addition to the county or counties containing such a city or cities, contiguous counties are included in an SMSA if, according to the 1960 Census, they are socially and economically integrated with the central city. Each SMSA must include at least one central city, and the complete title of an SMSA identifies the central city or cities. Tape Positions 22 and 103 Race The race of the respondent was marked by observation and it was assumed the race of all related persons was the same as the respondent unless otherwise learned. The race categories were "White", "Negro", or "other." If the appropriate category could not be marked by observation, then race was asked. Persons of races other than White or Negro, such as Japanese, Chinese, American Indian, Korean, Hindu, Eskimo, etc. were reported as "Other." Mexicans were included with "White" unless definitely known to be American Indian or of other nonwhite race. Tape Positions 34-35 Total Family Income Group The income group represents the total combined family income for the past twelve (12) months. It includes income from all sources such as wages, salaries, social security or retirement benefits, help from relatives, rent from property and so forth. The income groups were not reconciled to the component parts (tape positions 36-94). The income component parts were not asked when the gross income was greater than $6,999 per annum. However, amounts greater than $6,999 appear in tape positions 37-40, 67-70, and 72-75. Some respondents reported a loss of income from their nonfarm business, professional practice, partnership or farm and this explains why some data fields are greater than $6,999, but the individual total in tape positions 91-94 does not exceed this figure. Tape Positions 95-99 Family Unit Code All related sample persons in the same family unit have the same computer generated family unit code. This will enable detailed analysis of the individual family unit. Tape Positions 110-111 - State Codes UNITED STATES OUTLYING AREAS OF THE U.S. Standard Abbreviation Code Name of Place Cod ALABAMA Ala. 01 American Samoa 60 ALASKA Alaska 02 Canal Zone 61 ARIZONA Ariz. 04 Canton and Enderbury Islands 62 ARKANSAS Ark. 05 Caroline Islands 63 CALIFORNIA Calif. 06 Cook Islands 64 COLORADO Colo. 08 Gilbert and Ellice Islands 65 CONNECTICUT Conn. 09 Guam 66 DELAWARE Del. 10 Johnston Atoll 67 DIST. OF COLUMBIA D.C. 11 Line Islands - Southern 68 FLORIDA Fla. 12 Mariana Islands 69 GEORGIA Ga. 13 Marchall Islands 70 HAWAII Hawaii 15 Midway Islands 71 IDAHO Idaho 16 Puerto Rico 72 ILLINOIS Ill. 17 Ryukyn Islands - Southern 73 INDIANA Ind. 18 Swan Islands 74 IOWA Iowa 19 Tokelau Islands 75 KANSAS Kans. 20 U.S. Misc. Caribbean 76 KENTUCKY Ky. 21 U.S. Misc. Pacific Islands 77 LOUISIANA La. 22 Virgin Islands 78 MAINE Maine 23 Wake Islands 79 MARYLAND Md. 24 Cuba 80 MASSACHUSETTS Mass. 25 West Indies 81 MICHIGAN Mich. 26 North America 91 MINNESOTA Minn. 27 South America 92 MISSISSIPPI Miss. 28 Europe 93 MISSOURI Mo. 29 Africa 94 MONTANA Mont. 30 Asia 95 NEBRASKA Nebr. 31 Australasia 96 NEVADA Nev. 32 Pacific Islands 97 NEW HAMPSHIRE Nebr. 33 NEW JERSEY N.J. 34 NEW MEXICO N. Mex. 35 NEW YORK N.Y 36 NORTH CAROLINA N.C. 37 NORTH DAKOTA N. Dak. 38 OHIO Ohio 39 OKLAHOMA Okla. 40 OREGON Oreg. 41 PENNSYLVANIA Pa. 42 RHODE ISLANDS R.I. 44 SOUTH CAROLINA S.C. 45 SOUTH DAKOTA S. Dak. 46 UNITED STATES Standard Abbreviation Code TENNESSEE Tenn. 47 TEXAS Tex. 48 UTAH Utah 49 VERMONT Vt. 50 VIRGINIA Va. 51 WASHINGTON Wash. 53 WEST VIRGINIA W. Va. 54 WISCONSIN Wis. 55 WYOMING Wyo. 56 Tape Positions 132-134 and 135-137 Industry and Occupation Codes A person's occupation may be defined as his principal job or business. For this survey purpose, the principal job or business of a respondent is defined in one of the following ways: If the person worked during the two week interview period or had a job or business, the question concerning his occupation (or work) applies to his job during that period. If the respondent held more than one job, the question is directed to the one at which he spent the most time. It refers to the one he considers most important when equal time is spent at each job. A person who has not begun work at a new job, is looking for work, or is on layoff from work is questioned about his last full- time civilian job. A full-time job is defined as one at which the person spen 35 or more hours per week and which lasted two consecutive weeks or more. A person who has a job to which he has not yet reported and has never had a previous job or business is classified as a "new worker." The 1970 census of population Alphabetical Index of Industries and Occupations was used in the coding of both the industry and occupation. Library of Congress Number 74-612012. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. $3.00. Stock Number 0301-2283. Tape Position 146 - Land Land used for farming purposes (Code 1 in Tape Position 146) was identified as being rural land (Code 2 in Tape Position 13) consisting of 10 or more acres (Code 1 in Tape Position 14) with crop sales amounting to $50 or more (Code 2 in Tape Position 15), or rural land (Code 2 in Tape Position 13) consisting of less than 10 acres (Code 2 in Tape Position 14) with crop sales amounting to $250 or more (Code 3 in Tape Position 16). All Other land is classified as nonfarm (Code 2 in Tape Position 146). Tape Positions 147-149 - Poverty Index Poverty Index--Income status was determined by the Poverty Income Ratio (PIR). Poverty statistics published in the Census Bureau reports1/ were based on the poverty index developed by the Social Security Administration in 1964. (For a detailed discussion of the SSA poverty standards, see reference 2.) Modifications in the definition of poverty were adopted in 1969.3/ The standard data series in poverty for statistical use by all executive departments and establishments has been established.4/ The two components of the PIR are the total income of the household (numerator) and a multiple of the total income necessary to maintain a family with given characteristics on a nutritionally adequate food plan3/ (denominator). The dollar value of the denominator of the PIR is constructed from a food plan (economy plan) necessary to maintain minimum recommended daily nutritional requirements. The economy plan is designated by the Department of Agriculture for "emergency or temporary use when funds are low." For families of three or more persons, the poverty level was set at three times the cost of the economy food plan. For smaller families and persons living alone, the cost of the economy food plan was adjusted by the relatively higher fixed expenses of these smaller households. The denominator or poverty income cutoff adjusts the family poverty income maintenance requirements by the family size, the sex of the family head, the age of the family head in families with one or two members, and the place of residence (farm, nonfarm). Annual revisions of the poverty income cutoffs are based on the changes in the average cost of living as reflected in the Consumer Price Index. As shown in the table, the annual income considered to be the poverty level increases as the family size increases. A family with any combination of characteristics and with the same income as shown in the table has been designated as having a PIR or poverty level of 1.0. The same family with twic the income found in the table would have a PIR of 2.0. Ratios of less than 1.0 can be described as "below poverty," ratios greater than or equal to 1.0, as "at or above poverty." Poverty thresholds are computed on a national basis only. No attempt has been made to adjust these thresholds for regional, State, or other local variation in the cost of living (except for the farm, nonfarm difference). None of the noncash public welfare benefits such as food stamp bonuses or free food commodities are included in the income of the low income families receiving these benefits. 1/ Current Populatrion Reports, "Consumer Income," Series P-60, No. 77, May 7, 1971 2/ Orshansky, M.: "Counting the Poor: Another Look at the Poverty Profile, Social Security Bulletin, January 1965; "Who's Who Among the Poor: A Demographic View of Poverty," Social Security Bulletin, July 1965. 3/ Current Population Reports, "Special Studies," Series P-23, No. 28, August 12, 1969 4/ Circular No. A-46, Transmitted Memorandum No. 9, Executive Office of the President, Bureau of the Budget, August 29, 1969, and Exhibit L (rev.) Weighted average thresholds at the low income level in 1971 by size of family and sex of head, by farm-nonfarm residence Nonfarm Farm Size of family Total Total Male1 Female1 Total Male1 Female1 head head head head All unrelated individuals- $2,033 $2,040 $2,136 $1,978 $1,727 $1,783 $1,669 Under 65 years--------- 2,093 3,098 2,181 2,017 1,805 1,853 1,715 65 years and over------ 1,931 1,940 1,959 1,934 1,652 1,666 1,643 All families-------------- 3,700 3,724 3,764 3,428 3,235 3,242 3,079 2 persons-------------- 2,612 2,633 2,641 2,581 2,219 2,224 2,130 Head under 65 years---- 2,699 2,716 2,731 2,635 2,317 2,322 2,195 Head 65 years and over- 2,424 2,448 2,450 2,437 2,082 2,081 2,089 3 persons-------------- 3,207 3,229 3,248 3,127 2,745 2,749 2,627 4 persons-------------- 4,113 4,137 4,139 4,116 3,527 3,528 3,513 5 persons-------------- 4,845 4,880 4,884 4,837 4,159 4,159 4,148 6 persons-------------- 5,441 5,489 5,492 5,460 4,688 4,689 4,656 7 persons or more------ 6,678 6,751 6,771 6,583 5,736 5,749 5,516 1For unrelated individuals, sex of the individual. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Social and Economic Statistics Administration, U.S. Bureau of the Census "Characteristics of the Low Income Population: 1971," Current Population Reports, Series P-60, No. 86, p. 18. Tape Position 150 - Region The United States was divided into four broad geographic regions of approximately equal population. These regions, which deviate somewhat from the groups used by the Bureau of the Census, are as follows: Region States Included Northeast Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania South Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia, West Virginia, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Arkansas Midwest Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri West Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada, New Mexico, Arizona, Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Idaho, Utah, Colorado, Montana, and Wyoming. Tape Positions 158-193 - HANES HANES is a multistage, stratified, probability sample of loose clusters of persons in land-based segments. In addition, HANES is composed of two distinct examination components--a nutrition screening examination (taken by all examinees) and a more detailed examination taken by a pre-selected subsample of all examinees, ages 25-74. For the nutrition screening examination, locations 1-35 and 1-65 constituted national probability samples and for the detailed examination, locations 1-35, 1-65, 66-100 and 1-100 all constitute national probability samples. In other words, HANES is composed of six distinct subsamples of the U.S. population. For a more detailed discussion of the sample design see Series 1, No. 10a. Since each of these six subsamples is a distinct subsample of the U.S. population, such subsample requires a different set of weights. The weights are based upon the probability of selection into the sample, adjustments for nonresponse and further adjustments to approximate the U.S. noninstitu- tionalized population as of the midpoint of each subsample. In order to select all of those examinees in a particular subsample, i.e. received a particular exam component, it is necessary to exclude all examinees with a weight of zero or blank. It is also necessary to exclude all zero or blank weights because that is the only way to differentiate missing data due to nonresponse from data that is missing because the sample design dictated that a particular examinee was not supposed to receive particular examination component. It is suggested that any analyses that are desired by the researcher be per- formed using the greatest number of examinees possible; that is, if the researcher is interested in an exam component of the nutrition screening examination he should use the weight and consequently the data from the 65 location subsample rather than the 35 location subsample. For the detailed examination, the researcher should use the 100 location subsample rather than one of the others. However, some exam components were only done in a particular subsample; for example, only at the first 35 locations. In that case, the researcher has no choice in selecting a particular subsample. There may be occasions when a researcher may want to make comparisons of estimates obtained from various subsamples. For example, the prevalence of some disease condition as estimated from the first 35 locations could be compared with an estimate based upon locations 66-100. The researcher may also want to formulate hypotheses using 1 subsample and test those hypotheses using another subsample. GENERAL NOTES, INTAKE DATA, HANES I Dietary Information: Data on the 24-Hour Food Consumption Intake Tape were obtained by the 24-hour recall method by which each of the 20,749 sample persons ages 1-74 years was asked to report each food he had consumed on the day before the examination (midnight to midnight). This method accounted for all regular meals eaten as well as between-meal foods or snacks. It included foods eaten on Monday through Friday,, but generally excluded foods eaten on weekends. The 24-Hour Food Consumption Intake Tape contains a separate record for each food item consumed by each examined person together with the amounts of calories and fourteen selected nutrients contributed by each food. The nutrients are protein, fat, total carbohydrate, fiber carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium, potassium, vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin and vitamin C. Also contained on the tape are the ingestion period, the approximate time of day the food was consumed and the food source. Beginning with version 03 of the 24-Hour Food Consumption Intake Tape, all records now include quantatative value (in grams) for the amount of each food item ingested by the sample person, and values for the amounts of saturated fatty acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and dietary cholesterol contributed by each food item. SPECIAL NOTE Since there is a separate data record for each food item consumed by each examined person, the total number of records found on the micro-data tape is 371,889. However, there are only 20,749 different examined persons, each with a possible 50 data records, one for each food item consumed. The demographic information is found in tape positions 1-200 on every data record for each examined person. However, the tape description on pages 14-30 (demographic information) shows only the counts for the total number of examined persons rather than the total number of data records. 24-HOUR FOOD CONSUMPTION INTAKE DATA SUMMARY - HANES I Tape Positions CATALOG NUMBER - 4704 .................................................. 201 Respondent ............................................................. 225 Day of recall .......................................................... 226 Ingestion period ....................................................... 227 Food code .............................................................. 228 Time of day ............................................................ 233 Line number ............................................................ 237 Food source ............................................................ 239 Interviewer code ....................................................... 240 Completion code ........................................................ 243 Food group ............................................................. 244 NUTRIENTS Calories ............................................................... 246 Protein (grams) ........................................................ 254 Fat (grams) ............................................................ 262 Total carbohydrates (grams) ............................................ 270 Fiber carbohydrates .................................................... 278 Calcium (mg)........................................................... 286 Phosphorus (mg) ........................................................ 294 Iron (mg) .............................................................. 302 Sodium (mg) ............................................................ 310 Potassium (mg) ......................................................... 318 Vitamin A (I.U.) ....................................................... 326 Thiamine (mg) .......................................................... 334 Riboflavin (mg) ........................................................ 342 Niacin (mg) (Niacin from food source) .................................. 350 Vitamin C (mg) ......................................................... 358 Amount of Food Consumed in Grams........................................ 366 Saturated Fatty Acid in Grams........................................... 374 Oleic Acid in Grams..................................................... 382 Linoleic Acid in Grams.................................................. 390 Dietary Cholesterol (mg)................................................ 398 RECORD LAYOUT, INTAKE DATA HEALTH AND NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY (HANES I) Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 201- Catalog Number 24-Hour Recall 204 4704 Questionnaire 205- Data User Work Area 224 225 Respondent 1 - Sample person 278746 2 - Spouse 1925 3 - Parent 55443 4 - Grandparent 1067 5 - Combination of above 25104 6 - Other 9604 226 Day of Recall 0 - Blank, but applicable 80 1 - Sunday 1788 2 - Monday 68749 3 - Tuesday 76742 4 - Wednesday 70969 5 - Thursday 65676 6 - Friday 87182 7 - Saturday 703 227 Ingestion Period 1 - A.M. 85519 See Detailed Notes 2 - Noon 94168 3 - Between meals 82669 4 - P.M. 109457 5 - Total Day 76 228- Food Code 232 00002-91001 - As given 363250 See Detailed Notes 09999 - Ingestion period skipped 8639 Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 233- Time of Day 24-Hour Recall 236 0001-2445 - As given 371889 Questionnaire See Detailed Notes 237- Line Number 238 01-50 - As given 371889 239 Food Source 1 - Home 290820 2 - School 14688 3 - Restaurant 33019 4 - Other 33362 240- Interviewer Code 242 032-051 - As given 370824 999 - Blank, but applicable 1065 243 Completion Code 1 - Satisfactory 363703 2 - Unsatisfactory 6921 3 - Refusal 39 4 - Not available 560 5 - Informant incapable 556 6 - Other 110 Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 244- Food Group 24-Hour Recall 245 00 - Ingestion period skipped 8639 Questionnaire 01 - Milk 46940 See Detailed Notes 02 - Meats 23169 03 - Poultry 5465 04 - Organ meats 586 05 - Fish and shellfish 3501 06 - Eggs 5917 07 - Soups 7264 08 - Fats, oils 39419 09 - Legumes 6397 10 - Cereals 54753 11 - Fruits, vegetables, and juices 62690 12 - Sugar and sugar products 43974 13 - Desserts 15443 14 - Miscellaneous 3116 15 - Mixed protein dishes 5677 16 - Alcoholic beverages 4325 17 - Sugar free beverages 30281 18 - Salty snacks 4333 NUTRIENTS (XXXXXX.XX - Decimal not shown on tape) 246- Calories 253 00000000-00362880 - As given 370171 99999999 - Unknown 1718 254- Protein (Grams) 261 00000000-00027775 - As given 370171 99999999 - Unknown 1718 262- Fat (Grams) 269 00000000-00024188 - As given 370171 99999999 - Unknown 1718 Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 270- Total Carbohydrates (Grams) 277 00000000-00054725 - As given 370171 24-Hour Recall 99999999 - Unknown 1718 Questionnaire 278- Fiber Carbohydrates 285 00000000-64605635 - As given 370171 See Detailed Notes 99999999 - Unknown 1718 286- Calcium (Mg) 293 0000000-00564479 - As given 370171 99999999 - Unknown 1718 294- Phosphorus (Mg) 301 00000000-00441600 - As given 370171 99999999 - Unknown 1718 302- Iron (Mg) 309 00000000-00006410 - As given 370171 99999999 - Unknown 1718 310- Sodium (Mg) 317 00000000-01240120 - As given 370171 99999999 - Unknown 1718 318- Potassium (Mg) 325 00000000-00704000 - As given 370171 99999999 - Unknown 1718 326- Vitamin A (International Units (I.U.)) 333 00000000-23923200 - As given 370171 99999999 - Unknown 1718 Tape Control HANES I Data Loc. ITEM DESCRIPTION & CODES Counts Source 334- Thiamine (Mg) 341 00000000-00001311 - As given 370171 24-Hour Recall 99999999 - Unknown 1718 Questionnaire 342- Riboflavin (Mg) 349 00000000-00001876 - As given 370171 99999999 - Unknown 1718 350- Niacin (Mg) (Niacin from food sources) 357 00000000-00016896 - As given 370171 99999999 - Unknown 1718 358- Vitamin C (Mg) 365 00000000-00087450 - As given 370171 99999999 - Unknown 1718 366- Amount of Food Consumed in Grams 373 00000000-00864002 - As given 370171 99999999 - Unknown 1718 374- Saturated Fatty Acid in Grams 381 00000000-00015765 - As given 370171 99999999 - Unknown 1718 382- Oleic Acid in Grams 389 00000000-00014470 - As given 370171 99999999 - Unknown 1718 390- Linoleic Acid in Grams 397 00000000-00011925 - As given 370171 99999999 - Unknown 1718 398- Dietary Cholesterol (Mg) 405 00000000-00305489 - As given 370171 99999999 - Unknown 1718DETAILED NOTES, INTAKE DATA Tape Position 227 - Ingestion Period The ingestion period code '5' refers to one or more food items prepared once and eaten throughout the day. Tape Positions 228-232 - Food Code The food codes as well as nutrient values of food items per 100 gram edible portion were obtained from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 8, 1963 and from other sources. Because of this constantly changing food supply, nutrient composition values for new food combinationns were added or updated continually according to information provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. A good code of '09999' was used when an ingestion period was skipped. For further information, refer to specifications for model grams and Handbook 8. Tape Positions 233-236 - Time of Day The time was recorded in minutes and hours using military times. Tape Positions 244-245 - Food or Food Group FOOD OR FOOD GROUP EXPLANATION OF FOOD ITEM 1. Milk and Milk Products Includes milk drunk as a beverage or used on cereals; flavored milk drinks; cocoa made from milk; skim milk, yogurt, or buttermilk; ice milk; ice cream or puddings made with milk; cheese and cheese dishes. EXCEPTION: CREAM CHEESE 2. Meat Includes beef, port, lamb, veal, luncheon meats, canned meats, frankfurters 3. Poultry Includes chicken,turkey, duck, game birds, cornish hen, etc. 4. Organ meats Includes liver, kidney, heart, spleen,, etc. 5. Fish or Shellfish All varieties of fish and shellfish regardless of whether canned,fresh, frozen, or dried or salted. 6. Eggs Includes eggs eaten, e.g., fried, boiled, poached, deviled, or egg salad. DOES NOT INCLUDE EGGS IN COOKED OR BAKED DISHES (AS CUSTARDS, PUDDINGS). 7. Soups Includes milk and water-based; gravies and sauces (meat and vegetable based). 8. Fats and Oils Includes butter, margarine, salad oils,, salad dressings, bacon, cream cheese, cream, peanut butter, non-dairy cream. 9. Legumes and Nuts Includes dry beans and peas like pinto beans, red beans, black-eyed peas, peanuts, soy beans, soy products, etc. 10. Cereals and Grain Products Includes breakfast cereals either dry as cornflakes or cooked such as oatmeal; grain products such as bread, rolls, biscuits, muffins, cornbread, crackers, unsalted pretzels. FOOD OR FOOD GROUP EXPLANATION OF FOOD ITEM 11. Fruits and Vegetables A. All kinds: fresh, canned, frozen, cooked or raw; juices, including Tang or fruit drinks B. Fruits and Vegetables rich in Vitamin A C. Fruits and Vegetables rich in Vitamin C 12. Sugar & primarily sugar products Includes all candy, koolaid, soft drinks, lemonade, limeade 13. Desserts and sweets Includes cake, pie, cookies, fruit puddings, jello, doughnuts (cake-type and yeast-type) sherbet, sweet snacks. EXCEPTION: ICE CREAM, ICE MILK. 14. Miscellaneous Including mustard, gelatin, malt, beverage powders, chili powder, seeds, low fat salad dressings. 15. Mixed protein dishes with carbohydrates (starches) or vegetables (cho) Includes casseroles, pot pies, pizza, spaghetti with meat, etc. EXCEPTION: PLAIN CHEESE DISHES. 16. Alcohol beverages Includes: a) beer, b) wine, c) distilled liquors. 17. Sugar free and low caloric beverages Includes coffee (regular, Sanka and decaffeinated), tea, boullion, consomme and carbonated drinks. 18. Salty snacks Includes potato chips, corn chips, puffed snacks, cheese snacks, salted popcorn, salted pretzels, etc. Baby Food Section Baby foods from Beechnut-Baker and Gerber Baby Food Companies; formulas. Tape Positions 246-365 - Nutrients A value of zero '00000000' can denote the following: 1) that the individual skipped a particular ingestion period. In this case, the food code will be '09999' (see Tape Positions 228-232). 2) that the nutrient value per 100 gram edible portion is '00000000' or "unknown." To determine whether this is the case, first determine the food code(Tape Positions 228-232). Then search for that food code on the Nutrient Composition Tape and search for the nutrient in question (see record specifications for Nutrient Composition Tape). A value of '00000000' denotes that the particular food does not contain that nutrient. The values -100, -800, and -900 correspond to a value unknown at the time HANES dietary data was processed. There were 1718 records for which the values for calories and selected nutrients are given as '99999999.' This was done because uncorrectable transcription errors caused some values for calories and the selected nutrients were found outside of reasonable expected consumption ranges. There are some records where the caloric intake or intake for selected nutrients is low (less than 0.10 of a unit).This is the result of the reported intake of miniscule amounts of food. Tape Positions 278-285 - Fiber Carbohydrate The data contained in this field on the tape are unedited. Also fiber values for approximately 12 percent of the foods cataloged in HANES I were unknown. These values were obtained by the Weende procedure and may be too low. The values obtained by more recent methods, on the other hand, are three or four times higher. Tape Positions 262-269 - Fat (Grams) Fat values on the new 24-Hour Consumption Tape do not necessarily match those on the original 24-Hour Consumption Tape because the new values have been computed using updated nutrient composition information on the amount of fat per 100 gram edible portions of certain foods. Tape Positions 366-373 - Amount of Food Consumed in Grams The amount of each individual food item consumed by a sample person has been quantified in grams. This is done by means of the food models which have been coded by the dietary interviewer as representing the amount of each food consumed, and the gram conversion factor associated with every food item in the HANES data bank. This factor allows the universal conversion of food quantities to grams.
