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Scientific Data Documentation
Alcohol Consumption Data, 1987ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM DATA APPARENT PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION (PCCONSU) Apparent Total Alcohol Consumption for States and U.S., 1987 (Volume and ethanol in thousands of gallons) Beer Wine Spirits Total State -------------- -------------- ---------------- ----- Vol. Eth. Vol. Eth. Vol. Eth. Eth. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- AL 78,730 3,543 4,571 590 4,803 1,988 6,121 AK 14,041 632 1,605 207 1,208 500 1,339 AZ 98,739 4,443 9,557 1,233 5,546 2,296 7,972 AR 45,262 2,037 1,548 200 2,420 1,002 3,238 CA 662,484 29,812 125,764 16,224 49,516 20,500 66,535 CO 83,022 3,736 8,941 1,153 5,875 2,432 7,322 CT 67,603 3,042 10,596 1,367 7,183 2,974 7,383 DE 16,691 751 1,711 221 1,537 636 1,608 DC 16,926 762 3,987 514 2,971 1,230 2,506 FL 332,631 14,968 32,128 4,145 24,895 10,306 29,419 GA 132,740 5,973 10,166 1,311 11,971 4,956 12,241 HI 29,852 1,343 2,661 343 1,587 657 2,344 ID 21,972 989 2,219 286 1,061 439 1,714 IL 288,792 12,996 27,637 3,565 19,489 8,068 24,629 IN 121,685 5,476 7,624 983 7,150 2,960 9,419 IA 65,507 2,948 3,699 477 3,171 1,313 4,738 KS 48,926 2,202 2,481 320 2,671 1,106 3,628 KY 67,736 3,048 3,155 407 4,297 1,779 5,234 LA 103,346 4,651 6,348 819 6,218 2,574 8,044 ME 26,872 1,209 2,783 359 2,113 875 2,443 MD 105,649 4,754 10,791 1,392 9,534 3,947 10,093 MA 138,965 6,253 19,189 2,475 13,255 5,488 14,216 MI 215,038 9,677 18,944 2,444 15,204 6,294 18,415 MN 98,593 4,437 8,256 1,065 7,689 3,183 8,685 MS 56,609 2,547 1,455 188 3,217 1,332 4,067 MO 123,762 5,569 8,682 1,120 7,164 2,966 9,655 MT 22,017 991 1,624 209 1,178 488 1,688 NE 39,155 1,762 2,162 279 2,011 832 2,873 NV 36,850 1,658 5,292 683 4,118 1,705 4,046 NH 36,631 1,648 3,302 426 4,118 1,705 3,779 NJ 164,728 7,413 26,171 3,376 15,388 6,371 17,159 NM 41,494 1,867 3,128 404 1,863 771 3,042 NY 370,987 16,694 53,585 6,912 31,814 13,171 36,778 NC 127,989 5,760 11,174 1,441 8,965 3,712 10,913 ND 15,635 704 817 105 1,110 460 1,269 OH 258,237 11,621 15,795 2,038 12,292 5,089 18,747 OK 59,591 2,682 2,975 384 3,539 1,465 4,531 OR 61,539 2,769 8,925 1,151 3,814 1,579 5,500 PA 299,912 13,496 15,352 1,980 14,607 6,047 21,524 RI 25,221 1,135 3,242 418 1,858 769 2,322 SC 80,644 3,629 5,699 735 5,791 2,397 6,762 SD 15,215 685 829 107 1,063 440 1,232 TN 101,866 4,584 4,600 593 5,876 2,432 7,610 TX 461,986 20,789 28,992 3,740 19,066 7,893 32,423 UT 21,850 983 1,366 176 1,407 582 1,742 VT 15,229 685 1,970 254 1,055 437 1,376 VA 148,506 6,683 9,497 1,225 8,233 3,408 11,316 WA 99,376 4,472 15,647 2,018 6,978 2,889 9,379 WV 37,683 1,696 1,525 197 1,508 624 2,517 WI 157,474 6,816 10,516 1,357 9,066 3,753 11,926 WY 12,020 541 698 90 780 323 954 U.S. Total 5,768,009 259,560 571,381 73,708 389,243 161,147 494,416 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sources: Alcohol Epidemiologic Data System. Brooks, S.D., Williams, G.E., Stinson, F.S., and Noble, J. SURVEILLANCE REPORT #13: APPARENT PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION: NATIONAL, STATE AND REGIONAL TRENDS, 1977-1987. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Division of Biometry and Epidemiology (September 1989). (Entered: 12/88 -- Revised 10/89) Apparent Per Capita Ethanol Consumption for U.S., 1850-1987 (Gallons of ethanol, based on population age 15 and older prior to 1970 and on population age 14 and older thereafter) ------------------------------------------------------ Year Beer Wine Spirits Total ------------------------------------------------------ 1987 1.34 0.38 0.83 2.54 1986 1.34 0.39 0.85 2.58 1985 1.33 0.38 0.90 2.62 1984 1.35 0.37 0.94 2.65 1983 1.37 0.36 0.96 2.69 1982 1.38 0.36 0.98 2.72 1981 1.39 0.35 1.02 2.76 1980 1.38 0.34 1.04 2.76 1979 1.37 0.32 1.06 2.75 1978 1.32 0.31 1.07 2.71 1977 1.29 0.29 1.06 2.64 1976 1.27 0.32 1.10 2.69 1975 1.26 0.32 1.11 2.70 1974 1.25 0.31 1.11 2.67 1973 1.20 0.31 1.10 2.62 1972 1.17 0.30 1.09 2.56 1971 1.15 0.31 1.12 2.59 1970 1.14 0.27 1.11 2.52 1969 1.12 0.26 1.13 2.51 1968 1.09 0.26 1.10 2.45 1967 1.07 0.25 1.05 2.37 1966 1.06 0.24 1.02 2.32 1965 1.04 0.24 0.99 2.27 1964 1.04 0.24 0.95 2.23 1963 1.01 0.23 0.91 2.15 1962 0.99 0.22 0.90 2.11 1961 0.97 0.23 0.86 2.06 1960 0.99 0.22 0.86 2.07 1959 1.00 0.22 0.84 2.06 1958 0.96 0.22 0.80 1.98 1957 0.97 0.22 0.80 1.99 1956 1.00 0.22 0.81 2.03 1955 1.01 0.22 0.77 2.00 1954 1.01 0.21 0.74 1.96 1953 1.04 0.20 0.77 2.01 1952 1.04 0.21 0.73 1.98 1951 1.03 0.20 0.78 2.01 1950 1.04 0.23 0.77 2.04 1949 1.06 0.22 0.70 1.98 1948 1.07 0.20 0.70 1.97 1947 1.11 0.16 0.76 2.03 1946 1.07 0.24 0.99 2.30 1945 1.17 0.20 0.88 2.25 1944 1.13 0.18 0.76 2.07 1943 1.00 0.17 0.66 1.83 1942 0.90 0.22 0.85 1.97 1941 0.81 0.18 0.71 1.70 1940 0.73 0.16 0.67 1.56 1939 0.75 0.14 0.62 1.51 1938 0.75 0.13 0.59 1.47 1937 0.82 0.13 0.64 1.59 1936 0.79 0.12 0.59 1.50 1935 0.68 0.09 0.43 1.20 1934 0.61 0.07 0.29 0.91 (PROHIBITION) 1916-19 1.08 0.12 0.76 1.96 1911-15 1.48 0.14 0.94 2.56 1906-10 1.47 0.17 0.96 2.60 1901-05 1.31 0.13 0.95 2.39 1896-1900 1.19 0.10 0.77 2.06 1891-95 1.17 0.11 0.95 2.23 1881-90 0.90 0.14 0.95 1.99 1871-80 0.56 0.14 1.02 1.72 1870 0.44 0.10 1.53 2.07 1860 0.27 0.10 2.16 2.53 1850 0.14 0.03 1.88 2.05 ------------------------------------------------------- Sources: Alcohol Epidemiologic Data System. Brooks, S.D., Williams, G.E., Stinson, F.S., and Noble J., SURVEILLANCE REPORT #13: APPARENT PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION: NATIONAL, STATE AND REGIONAL TRENDS, 1977-1987. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Division of Biometry and Epidemiology (September 1989). Data updated from: Hyman, M., Zimmerman, M., Gurioli, C., and Helrich, A. DRINKERS, DRINKING AND ALCOHOL--RELATED MORTALITY AND HOSPITALIZATIONS: A STATISTICAL COMPENDIUM. (1980 edition). (Entered: 12/88 -- Revised 10/89) Apparent Per Capita Ethanol Consumption - Individual States,'77-87 (Gallons of ethanol, based on population age 14 and older) ------------------------------------------------------ Year Beer Wine Spirits Total ------------------------------------------------------ Alabama 1987 1.10 0.18 0.61 1.89 1986 1.09 0.18 0.64 1.91 1985 1.06 0.17 0.67 1.90 1984 1.02 0.19 0.69 1.90 1983 1.01 0.17 0.71 1.89 1982 1.00 0.18 0.72 1.89 1981 1.00 0.19 0.73 1.92 1980 0.96 0.16 0.74 1.86 1979 0.98 0.12 0.84 1.94 1978 0.98 0.12 0.88 1.97 1977 0.99 0.13 0.84 1.96 Alaska 1987 1.64 0.54 1.30 3.48 1986 1.68 0.56 1.28 3.52 1985 1.68 0.58 1.53 3.78 1984 1.73 0.58 1.56 3.86 1983 1.76 0.61 1.70 4.06 1982 1.75 0.56 1.74 4.05 1981 1.71 0.57 1.82 4.10 1980 1.55 0.50 1.70 3.76 1979 1.50 0.47 1.65 3.62 1978 1.39 0.45 1.68 3.52 1977 1.19 0.42 1.70 3.31 Arizona 1987 1.67 0.46 0.86 2.99 1986 1.77 0.46 0.92 3.15 1985 1.67 0.46 1.00 3.12 1984 1.57 0.45 1.06 3.08 1983 1.62 0.44 1.00 3.06 1982 1.74 0.40 0.99 3.13 1981 1.78 0.42 1.01 3.22 1980 1.69 0.36 0.98 3.03 1979 1.86 0.39 1.17 3.42 1978 1.77 0.37 1.10 3.25 1977 1.70 0.34 1.05 3.10 Arkansas 1987 1.08 0.11 0.53 1.72 1986 1.06 0.09 0.48 1.64 1985 1.03 0.13 0.58 1.75 1984 1.02 0.12 0.64 1.78 1983 1.03 0.13 0.63 1.78 1982 1.03 0.12 0.63 1.78 1981 1.06 0.12 0.68 1.87 1980 1.00 0.12 0.69 1.81 1979 0.93 0.10 0.57 1.60 1978 0.97 0.11 0.73 1.82 1977 0.92 0.10 0.63 1.65 California 1987 1.36 0.74 0.94 3.04 1986 1.36 0.79 0.97 3.12 1985 1.32 0.78 1.02 3.12 1984 1.38 0.74 1.07 3.19 1983 1.37 0.75 1.11 3.23 1982 1.37 0.72 1.14 3.23 1981 1.43 0.72 1.21 3.36 1980 1.42 0.71 1.25 3.38 1979 1.42 0.70 1.28 3.40 1978 1.36 0.68 1.32 3.36 1977 1.31 0.67 1.28 3.25 Colorado 1987 1.43 0.44 0.93 2.80 1986 1.47 0.46 0.94 2.88 1985 1.47 0.50 1.18 3.15 1984 1.51 0.46 1.12 3.09 1983 1.57 0.46 1.12 3.15 1982 1.64 0.46 1.18 3.28 1981 1.63 0.44 1.26 3.33 1980 1.57 0.47 1.31 3.35 1979 1.68 0.47 1.37 3.52 1978 1.64 0.47 1.43 3.54 1977 1.43 0.36 1.22 3.01 Connecticut 1987 1.15 0.52 1.13 2.80 1986 1.13 0.51 1.16 2.80 1985 1.14 0.50 1.20 2.84 1984 1.10 0.50 1.20 2.80 1983 1.10 0.49 1.23 2.82 1982 1.04 0.49 1.20 2.73 1981 1.05 0.44 1.18 2.67 1980 1.06 0.43 1.21 2.70 1979 1.13 0.40 1.20 2.72 1978 1.07 0.38 1.20 2.65 1977 1.05 0.35 1.21 2.61 Delaware 1987 1.44 0.42 1.22 3.08 1986 1.45 0.44 1.24 3.13 1985 1.46 0.41 1.30 3.16 1984 1.51 0.38 1.28 3.17 1983 1.53 0.35 1.34 3.22 1982 1.53 0.34 1.36 3.23 1981 1.51 0.32 1.39 3.23 1980 1.45 0.29 1.38 3.12 1979 1.38 0.27 1.34 2.99 1978 1.33 0.25 1.33 2.91 1977 1.32 0.24 1.35 2.91 District of Columbia 1987 1.48 1.00 2.39 4.87 1986 1.52 1.04 2.21 4.77 1985 1.49 1.03 2.42 4.94 1984 1.56 1.11 2.68 5.34 1983 1.55 1.08 2.79 5.41 1982 1.48 1.00 2.91 5.39 1981 1.50 1.06 2.92 5.49 1980 1.49 0.99 2.94 5.42 1979 1.48 0.99 3.03 5.49 1978 1.43 0.94 3.14 5.51 1977 1.39 0.89 3.26 5.53 Florida 1987 1.51 0.42 1.04 2.96 1986 1.50 0.41 1.06 2.97 1985 1.47 0.41 1.16 3.04 1984 1.48 0.40 1.24 3.12 1983 1.56 0.40 1.23 3.19 1982 1.56 0.40 1.33 3.29 1981 1.55 0.39 1.38 3.31 1980 1.42 0.37 1.43 3.22 1979 1.47 0.37 1.51 3.34 1978 1.41 0.34 1.48 3.23 1977 1.33 0.33 1.47 3.13 Georgia 1987 1.22 0.27 1.01 2.50 1986 1.22 0.27 0.96 2.44 1985 1.17 0.25 1.01 2.43 1984 1.18 0.23 1.06 2.48 1983 1.14 0.22 1.05 2.42 1982 1.12 0.21 1.04 2.37 1981 1.10 0.18 1.09 2.38 1980 1.07 0.19 1.09 2.35 1979 1.17 0.19 1.22 2.58 1978 1.14 0.19 1.26 2.59 1977 1.08 0.16 1.23 2.47 Hawaii 1987 1.57 0.40 0.77 2.74 1986 1.60 0.44 0.86 2.89 1985 1.59 0.41 0.88 2.88 1984 1.65 0.41 0.91 2.97 1983 1.57 0.44 1.12 3.13 1982 1.80 0.48 1.14 3.42 1981 1.74 0.44 1.16 3.34 1980 1.65 0.46 1.21 3.31 1979 1.60 0.44 1.28 3.32 1978 1.38 0.46 1.30 3.15 1977 1.61 0.36 1.26 3.23 Idaho 1987 1.31 0.38 0.58 2.27 1986 1.34 0.38 0.61 2.33 1985 1.35 0.36 0.71 2.42 1984 1.40 0.31 0.72 2.43 1983 1.44 0.30 0.76 2.51 1982 1.47 0.31 0.81 2.58 1981 1.54 0.33 0.83 2.70 1980 1.53 0.30 0.77 2.60 1979 1.55 0.27 0.84 2.65 1978 1.50 0.26 0.80 2.56 1977 1.50 0.22 0.79 2.52 Illinois 1987 1.41 0.39 0.87 2.67 1986 1.40 0.39 0.90 2.68 1985 1.38 0.37 0.98 2.72 1984 1.40 0.37 1.01 2.77 1983 1.42 0.35 1.03 2.80 1982 1.41 0.35 1.06 2.83 1981 1.43 0.35 1.12 2.91 1980 1.43 0.33 1.24 3.00 1979 1.45 0.33 1.17 2.94 1978 1.38 0.31 1.19 2.88 1977 1.35 0.30 1.22 2.87 Indiana 1987 1.31 0.38 0.58 2.27 1986 1.25 0.23 0.67 2.15 1985 1.25 0.22 0.72 2.19 1984 1.26 0.21 0.72 2.19 1983 1.27 0.19 0.73 2.19 1982 1.29 0.18 0.76 2.23 1981 1.29 0.18 0.78 2.25 1980 1.26 0.17 0.77 2.21 1979 1.23 0.15 0.79 2.18 1978 1.19 0.16 0.79 2.14 1977 1.14 0.14 0.77 2.05 Iowa 1987 1.30 0.21 0.58 2.09 1986 1.32 0.19 0.53 2.05 1985 1.31 0.14 0.57 2.02 1984 1.36 0.12 0.61 2.09 1983 1.38 0.13 0.64 2.15 1982 1.39 0.13 0.65 2.17 1981 1.44 0.13 0.69 2.27 1980 1.41 0.13 0.71 2.25 1979 1.40 0.11 0.71 2.22 1978 1.38 0.11 0.74 2.22 1977 1.33 0.10 0.74 2.17 Kansas 1987 1.12 0.16 0.56 1.84 1986 1.12 0.17 0.60 1.89 1985 1.17 0.15 0.64 1.96 1984 1.18 0.14 0.63 1.95 1983 1.20 0.13 0.64 1.96 1982 1.22 0.13 0.67 2.02 1981 1.23 0.12 0.70 2.05 1980 1.23 0.11 0.62 1.96 1979 1.17 0.11 0.73 2.01 1978 1.14 0.12 0.64 1.89 1977 1.13 0.10 0.65 1.88 Kentucky 1987 1.03 0.14 0.60 1.77 1986 1.09 0.13 0.62 1.85 1985 1.07 0.13 0.66 1.86 1984 1.05 0.12 0.68 1.85 1983 1.13 0.12 0.69 1.94 1982 1.14 0.12 0.73 1.99 1981 1.13 0.10 0.75 1.99 1980 1.08 0.10 0.73 1.91 1979 1.10 0.09 0.77 1.97 1978 1.07 0.09 0.77 1.93 1977 1.19 0.09 0.75 2.03 Louisiana 1987 1.36 0.24 0.75 2.35 1986 1.39 0.26 0.78 2.43 1985 1.35 0.27 0.86 2.49 1984 1.40 0.29 0.94 2.63 1983 1.43 0.30 1.02 2.75 1982 1.49 0.30 1.00 2.78 1981 1.48 0.27 1.02 2.77 1980 1.41 0.27 1.04 2.71 1979 1.36 0.26 1.08 2.70 1978 1.35 0.25 1.07 2.67 1977 1.30 0.25 1.03 2.57 Maine 1987 1.26 0.38 0.91 2.55 1986 1.28 0.36 0.92 2.56 1985 1.29 0.33 0.94 2.56 1984 1.25 0.31 1.01 2.57 1983 1.32 0.29 1.03 2.63 1982 1.30 0.30 1.02 2.63 1981 1.24 0.28 1.05 2.57 1980 1.32 0.29 1.06 2.67 1979 1.30 0.27 1.08 2.65 1978 1.31 0.27 1.05 2.62 1977 1.37 0.23 1.04 2.64 Maryland 1987 1.29 0.38 1.07 2.74 1986 1.29 0.39 1.09 2.76 1985 1.31 0.36 1.14 2.81 1984 1.31 0.36 1.17 2.84 1983 1.34 0.35 1.20 2.89 1982 1.27 0.32 1.17 2.77 1981 1.39 0.34 1.33 3.06 1980 1.42 0.33 1.35 3.09 1979 1.43 0.31 1.39 3.14 1978 1.41 0.31 1.38 3.09 1977 1.37 0.30 1.39 3.05 Massachusetts 1987 1.29 0.51 1.13 2.93 1986 1.31 0.53 1.13 2.97 1985 1.30 0.51 1.21 3.01 1984 1.30 0.51 1.24 3.04 1983 1.36 0.50 1.21 3.07 1982 1.35 0.49 1.22 3.07 1981 1.44 0.49 1.24 3.17 1980 1.47 0.45 1.27 3.19 1979 1.39 0.42 1.23 3.04 1978 1.37 0.40 1.25 3.02 1977 1.34 0.37 1.24 2.95 Michigan 1987 1.32 0.33 0.86 2.51 1986 1.33 0.33 0.91 2.57 1985 1.30 0.32 0.95 2.58 1984 1.32 0.31 0.97 2.60 1983 1.35 0.28 0.97 2.60 1982 1.35 0.39 0.98 2.72 1981 1.34 0.29 1.00 2.63 1980 1.34 0.28 1.03 2.65 1979 1.37 0.25 1.03 2.65 1978 1.43 0.25 1.05 2.74 1977 1.45 0.24 1.02 2.71 Minnesota 1987 1.31 0.32 0.94 2.57 1986 1.30 0.33 0.93 2.56 1985 1.31 0.31 1.06 2.68 1984 1.34 0.28 1.07 2.68 1983 1.37 0.27 1.10 2.74 1982 1.36 0.27 1.11 2.75 1981 1.39 0.27 1.18 2.83 1980 1.40 0.26 1.20 2.85 1979 1.35 0.24 1.16 2.75 1978 1.31 0.23 1.15 2.69 1977 1.30 0.20 1.15 2.65 Mississippi 1987 1.26 0.09 0.66 2.01 1986 1.26 0.10 0.69 2.05 1985 1.21 0.10 0.73 2.04 1984 1.19 0.11 0.77 2.06 1983 1.19 0.11 0.79 2.09 1982 1.19 0.11 0.82 2.11 1981 1.19 0.11 0.84 2.14 1980 1.13 0.10 0.86 2.09 1979 1.15 0.10 0.84 2.09 1978 1.16 0.10 0.91 2.18 1977 1.08 0.11 0.86 2.05 Missouri 1987 1.36 0.27 0.72 2.35 1986 1.36 0.28 0.73 2.37 1985 1.33 0.26 0.76 2.36 1984 1.34 0.25 0.68 2.27 1983 1.37 0.22 0.78 2.37 1982 1.38 0.21 0.79 2.38 1981 1.40 0.21 0.83 2.45 1980 1.39 0.20 0.84 2.44 1979 1.37 0.20 0.86 2.43 1978 1.31 0.20 0.89 2.40 1977 1.23 0.19 0.83 2.25 Montana 1987 1.57 0.33 0.77 2.67 1986 1.58 0.34 0.82 2.74 1985 1.60 0.33 0.88 2.81 1984 1.70 0.32 0.93 2.95 1983 1.79 0.32 0.99 3.09 1982 1.82 0.32 1.02 3.17 1981 1.90 0.33 1.05 3.28 1980 1.82 0.35 1.04 3.21 1979 1.83 0.41 1.05 3.29 1978 1.82 0.20 1.07 3.10 1977 1.83 0.20 1.10 3.12 Nebraska 1987 1.40 0.22 0.66 2.28 1986 1.38 0.23 0.68 2.28 1985 1.40 0.22 0.75 2.37 1984 1.44 0.20 0.76 2.41 1983 1.49 0.21 0.79 2.49 1982 1.50 0.28 0.58 2.37 1981 1.57 0.20 0.88 2.66 1980 1.56 0.19 0.89 2.64 1979 1.50 0.18 0.88 2.57 1978 1.47 0.18 0.89 2.54 1977 1.45 0.17 0.91 2.53 Nevada 1987 2.05 0.84 2.11 5.00 1986 2.07 0.88 2.12 5.07 1985 1.96 0.84 2.18 4.99 1984 2.01 0.82 2.36 5.19 1983 1.98 0.79 2.45 5.22 1982 1.99 0.77 2.50 5.25 1981 2.08 0.80 2.71 5.59 1980 2.09 0.79 2.94 5.82 1979 2.28 0.88 3.28 6.44 1978 2.20 0.85 3.65 6.69 1977 2.15 0.83 3.85 6.84 New Hampshire 1987 1.93 0.50 1.99 4.42 1986 1.93 0.52 2.07 4.52 1985 1.99 0.53 2.21 4.73 1984 1.99 0.59 2.33 4.91 1983 2.17 0.56 2.35 5.08 1982 1.89 0.58 2.34 4.81 1981 1.89 0.59 2.44 4.92 1980 2.21 0.69 2.86 5.76 1979 1.98 0.62 2.61 5.20 1978 1.99 0.54 2.94 5.46 1977 1.89 0.50 2.93 5.32 New Jersey 1987 1.18 0.54 1.01 2.73 1986 1.18 0.56 1.04 2.78 1985 1.18 0.55 1.08 2.81 1984 1.19 0.55 1.10 2.83 1983 1.21 0.52 1.13 2.86 1982 1.22 0.52 1.13 2.87 1981 1.22 0.51 1.15 2.87 1980 1.23 0.47 1.13 2.83 1979 1.18 0.43 1.10 2.71 1978 1.17 0.42 1.10 2.69 1977 1.16 0.40 1.13 2.69 New Mexico 1987 1.63 0.35 0.67 2.64 1986 1.64 0.35 0.71 2.70 1985 1.70 0.36 0.77 2.83 1984 1.71 0.28 0.76 2.75 1983 1.72 0.31 0.98 3.00 1982 1.72 0.34 0.94 3.00 1981 1.74 0.32 0.95 3.01 1980 1.66 0.32 1.00 2.99 1979 1.71 0.30 1.01 3.02 1978 1.68 0.32 0.98 2.99 1977 1.65 0.32 0.96 2.93 New York 1987 1.15 0.48 0.91 2.54 1986 1.13 0.50 0.93 2.55 1985 1.14 0.49 0.98 2.62 1984 1.15 0.49 1.03 2.67 1983 1.23 0.49 1.05 2.77 1982 1.26 0.48 1.10 2.84 1981 1.25 0.46 1.12 2.83 1980 1.28 0.46 1.18 2.91 1979 1.21 0.44 1.17 2.82 1978 1.18 0.42 1.17 2.77 1977 1.18 0.38 1.17 2.74 North Carolina 1987 1.11 0.28 0.72 2.11 1986 1.12 0.30 0.74 2.16 1985 1.09 0.27 0.76 2.13 1984 1.11 0.24 0.78 2.13 1983 1.10 0.22 0.80 2.12 1982 1.07 0.21 0.85 2.13 1981 1.10 0.21 0.86 2.17 1980 1.11 0.20 0.86 2.17 1979 1.08 0.22 0.88 2.18 1978 1.06 0.20 0.86 2.12 1977 1.01 0.20 0.84 2.05 North Dakota 1987 1.34 0.20 0.88 2.42 1986 1.32 0.22 0.86 2.40 1985 1.33 0.19 0.96 2.48 1984 1.40 0.17 0.98 2.55 1983 1.48 0.17 1.05 2.71 1982 1.52 0.18 1.09 2.79 1981 1.53 0.18 1.14 2.85 1980 1.53 0.17 1.14 2.83 1979 1.45 0.16 1.10 2.71 1978 1.45 0.16 1.15 2.76 1977 1.35 0.15 1.12 2.62 Ohio 1987 1.35 0.24 0.59 2.18 1986 1.32 0.25 0.61 2.18 1985 1.37 0.25 0.59 2.20 1984 1.41 0.25 0.61 2.26 1983 1.36 0.22 0.65 2.22 1982 1.40 0.22 0.66 2.28 1981 1.35 0.22 0.68 2.25 1980 1.39 0.22 0.72 2.33 1979 1.36 0.20 0.71 2.26 1978 1.19 0.20 0.70 2.09 1977 1.17 0.18 0.70 2.04 Oklahoma 1987 1.04 0.15 0.57 1.76 1986 1.04 0.15 0.61 1.81 1985 1.04 0.15 0.68 1.87 1984 1.01 0.16 0.74 1.91 1983 1.05 0.16 0.77 1.98 1982 1.17 0.16 0.83 2.17 1981 1.14 0.16 0.83 2.13 1980 1.08 0.16 0.71 1.95 1979 1.05 0.13 0.80 1.98 1978 1.08 0.14 0.82 2.04 1977 1.07 0.14 0.78 1.98 Oregon 1987 1.26 0.53 0.72 2.51 1986 1.26 0.54 0.74 2.54 1985 1.25 0.55 0.77 2.57 1984 1.28 0.53 0.82 2.63 1983 1.31 0.53 0.85 2.69 1982 1.33 0.53 0.88 2.74 1981 1.38 0.50 0.92 2.80 1980 1.37 0.51 0.94 2.82 1979 1.39 0.47 0.96 2.82 1978 1.34 0.47 0.98 2.79 1977 1.33 0.46 0.96 2.74 Pennsylvania 1987 1.38 0.20 0.62 2.20 1986 1.38 0.21 0.64 2.23 1985 1.37 0.21 0.65 2.22 1984 1.37 0.21 0.66 2.25 1983 1.41 0.22 0.67 2.29 1982 1.44 0.23 0.70 2.36 1981 1.42 0.23 0.72 2.37 1980 1.45 0.22 0.71 2.39 1979 1.42 0.22 0.73 2.37 1978 1.36 0.21 0.74 2.32 1977 1.35 0.20 0.74 2.29 Rhode Island 1987 1.40 0.51 0.95 2.86 1986 1.41 0.53 0.94 2.87 1985 1.40 0.51 1.03 2.94 1984 1.37 0.52 1.03 2.92 1983 1.48 0.50 1.06 3.04 1982 1.34 0.55 1.04 2.93 1981 1.36 0.52 1.04 2.92 1980 1.46 0.53 1.14 3.14 1979 1.46 0.50 1.11 3.07 1978 1.41 0.50 1.16 3.07 1977 1.39 0.43 1.12 2.93 South Carolina 1987 1.34 0.27 0.89 2.50 1986 1.30 0.27 0.93 2.50 1985 1.26 0.25 0.99 2.49 1984 1.26 0.24 1.00 2.50 1983 1.26 0.20 1.01 2.47 1982 1.24 0.20 1.00 2.44 1981 1.25 0.19 1.05 2.49 1980 1.22 0.18 1.06 2.46 1979 1.25 0.17 1.18 2.60 1978 1.20 0.17 1.21 2.59 1977 1.17 0.17 1.14 2.49 South Dakota 1987 1.24 0.19 0.79 2.22 1986 1.22 0.19 0.82 2.24 1985 1.22 0.18 0.94 2.34 1984 1.27 0.17 0.89 2.33 1983 1.30 0.17 0.95 2.43 1982 1.29 0.18 0.98 2.45 1981 1.32 0.19 1.05 2.56 1980 1.30 0.18 1.07 2.56 1979 1.23 0.17 1.04 2.44 1978 1.19 0.17 1.05 2.42 1977 1.15 0.17 1.06 2.38 Tennessee 1987 1.17 0.15 0.62 1.94 1986 1.17 0.16 0.63 1.96 1985 1.11 0.16 0.67 1.94 1984 1.11 0.15 0.70 1.95 1983 1.10 0.14 0.69 1.93 1982 1.13 0.14 0.70 1.96 1981 1.14 0.13 0.72 1.98 1980 1.10 0.12 0.69 1.92 1979 1.14 0.11 0.73 1.98 1978 1.16 0.11 0.72 1.99 1977 1.10 0.10 0.71 1.91 Texas 1987 1.61 0.29 0.61 2.52 1986 1.67 0.31 0.66 2.63 1985 1.68 0.30 0.73 2.70 1984 1.74 0.28 0.79 2.82 1983 1.73 0.27 0.79 2.79 1982 1.83 0.18 0.84 2.85 1981 1.84 0.24 0.85 2.93 1980 1.77 0.22 0.81 2.80 1979 1.76 0.14 0.87 2.77 1978 1.70 0.14 0.84 2.68 1977 1.63 0.14 0.81 2.58 Utah 1987 0.84 0.15 0.50 1.49 1986 0.89 0.17 0.53 1.58 1985 0.90 0.15 0.53 1.58 1984 0.88 0.14 0.52 1.53 1983 0.88 0.14 0.50 1.52 1982 1.01 0.15 0.55 1.71 1981 1.01 0.14 0.58 1.74 1980 0.96 0.14 0.60 1.71 1979 0.97 0.16 0.62 1.75 1978 0.96 0.15 0.61 1.72 1977 0.97 0.14 0.59 1.70 Vermont 1987 1.56 0.58 0.99 3.13 1986 1.55 0.59 1.05 3.18 1985 1.49 0.55 1.09 3.13 1984 1.48 0.49 1.15 3.12 1983 1.52 0.50 1.19 3.21 1982 1.49 0.50 1.25 3.24 1981 1.49 0.50 1.33 3.32 1980 1.43 0.48 1.39 3.30 1979 1.57 0.47 1.50 3.54 1978 1.53 0.47 1.59 3.59 1977 1.42 0.44 1.58 3.44 Virginia 1987 1.40 0.26 0.71 2.37 1986 1.52 0.27 0.74 2.53 1985 1.46 0.30 0.79 2.55 1984 1.46 0.29 0.80 2.55 1983 1.47 0.27 0.82 2.57 1982 1.45 0.27 0.86 2.59 1981 1.23 0.27 0.89 2.39 1980 1.23 0.25 0.90 2.39 1979 1.23 0.25 0.92 2.40 1978 1.22 0.21 0.90 2.33 1977 1.19 0.21 0.90 2.30 Washington 1987 1.23 0.56 0.80 2.59 1986 1.23 0.61 0.82 2.66 1985 1.22 0.59 0.87 2.68 1984 1.24 0.57 0.91 2.71 1983 1.29 0.54 0.94 2.76 1982 1.33 0.53 0.99 2.85 1981 1.38 0.54 1.05 2.97 1980 1.52 0.52 1.08 3.12 1979 1.41 0.48 1.10 2.99 1978 1.39 0.48 1.09 2.96 1977 1.36 0.45 1.07 2.89 West Virginia 1987 1.11 0.13 0.41 1.65 1986 1.10 0.13 0.42 1.84 1985 1.11 0.13 0.42 1.66 1984 1.12 0.12 0.44 1.68 1983 1.13 0.13 0.48 1.74 1982 1.11 0.14 0.55 1.80 1981 1.06 0.14 0.66 1.85 1980 1.00 0.09 0.72 1.82 1979 0.97 0.09 0.77 1.83 1978 0.96 0.09 0.79 1.84 1977 0.98 0.09 0.78 1.85 Wisconsin 1987 1.78 0.36 0.98 3.12 1986 1.87 0.34 0.96 3.16 1985 1.82 0.32 1.05 3.19 1984 1.86 0.30 1.03 3.19 1983 1.93 0.33 1.07 3.33 1982 1.93 0.30 1.04 3.27 1981 1.95 0.31 1.20 3.47 1980 1.96 0.31 1.20 3.46 1979 1.88 0.28 1.17 3.33 1978 1.80 0.28 1.18 3.25 1977 1.78 0.27 1.26 3.31 Wyoming 1987 1.46 0.24 0.87 2.57 1986 1.46 0.26 0.93 2.64 1985 1.56 0.25 1.03 2.84 1984 1.58 0.22 1.05 2.86 1983 1.66 0.22 1.09 2.98 1982 1.80 0.24 1.21 3.25 1981 1.91 0.24 1.27 3.42 1980 1.85 0.24 1.32 3.42 1979 1.86 0.22 1.30 3.38 1978 1.82 0.22 1.36 3.41 1977 1.79 0.21 1.32 3.31 ------------------------------------------------------ Source: Alcohol Epidemiologic Data System. Brooks, S.D., Williams, G.E., Stinson, F.S., and Noble, J., SURVEILLANCE REPORT #13: APPARENT PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION: NATIONAL, STATE AND REGIONAL TRENDS, 1977-1987. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Division of Biometry and Epidemiology (September 1989). (Entered: 12/88 -- Revised 10/89) Int'l Apparent Per Capita Consumption-All Alcohol Beverages,'83-85 (In liters of absolute ethanol, based on total population) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Country 1983 1984 1985 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- France 14.0 13.5 13.3 Portugal 13.4 12.8 13.1 Luxembourg 12.6 13.6 13.0 Spain 12.8 11.5 11.8 Italy 12.3 12.1 11.6 Hungary 11.3 11.7 11.5 Switzerland 11.1 11.1 11.2 West Germany 11.0 10.7 10.8 Belgium 10.8 10.6 10.5 East Germany 10.5 10.2 10.3 Austria 10.2 10.0 9.9 Denmark 10.4 9.9 9.9 Australia 9.4 9.3 9.4 New Zealand 8.9 9.3 9.2 Czechoslavakia 9.6 9.5 9.1 Argentina 10.0 9.5 8.7 Bulgaria 8.8 8.7 8.7 Netherlands 8.9 8.6 8.5 USA 8.1 8.0 8.0 Canada 8.1 8.0 na Yugoslavia 8.0 7.7 7.7 Rumania 7.7 na na United Kingdom 6.9 6.9 7.1 Poland 6.4 6.5 7.0 Greece * 6.7 6.8 6.8 Finland 6.4 6.5 6.5 Ireland 6.1 6.2 6.2 USSR 6.1 6.6 5.7 Japan 5.8 5.8 5.7 Cyprus 5.6 5.7 5.6 Chile * 5.4 5.5 5.6 Sweden 5.2 5.2 5.2 South Africa 4.3 4.5 4.3 Norway 3.8 4.0 4.2 Uruguay * 4.1 3.9 4.2 Iceland 4.1 4.1 4.0 Venezuela * 3.6 3.6 3.1 Colombia ** 2.6 2.5 2.8 Paraguay * 1.8 1.9 1.9 Mexico * 1.7 1.7 1.8 Peru * 1.5 1.4 1.6 Brazil * 1.4 1.4 1.4 Turkey 1.2 1.1 1.0 Israel * 1.0 na na Tunisia * 0.7 0.7 0.7 Algeria * 0.3 0.3 0.3 Morocco * 0.2 na na Lebanon ** 0.1 0.1 0.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- na - Data not available. * Either no reliable or no complete statistical data on the consumption of distilled spirits were available for this country. ** Covers only consumption of beer. No figures are known on the consumption of distilled spirits or wine. Note - When calculating the quantity in liters of absolute alcohol in beer, in the absence of precise data, an average of 5% alcohol content was used; wine was calculated with an average of 12% alcohol content. Other alcoholic beverages, such as cider, sake, fruit wines, British wines, and wine coolers, were included in the calculation of the total alcohol consumption above, if consumption figures were known for them. Source - Hoeveel alcoholhoundende dranken worden er in de wereld gedrunken (How much alcoholic beverage is drunk worldwide) 25th edition. Schiedam, Netherlands: Produktschap voor gestilleerde dranken, 54 pp, 1986. (Entered: 9/87) Int'l Apparent Per Capita Consumption of Beer, 1983-85 (In liters of beer, based on total population) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Country 1983 1984 1985 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- West Germany 148.6 144.4 145.5 East Germany 146.7 142.2 141.6 Czechoslavakia 147.8 140.1 130.8 Denmark 133.97 129.75 121.26 Belgium 128.0 126.3 121.0 Luxembourg 121.8 120.7 +/- 120.0 Australia 117.8 114.5 115.6 New Zealand 114.0 116.9 115.2 Austria 109.4 107.7 111.6 United Kingdom 110.5 110.1 108.9 Ireland 108.0 108.4 100 Hungary 88.8 87.1 92.4 USA 92.0 90.7 90.3 Netherlands 87.5 83.4 84.5 Canada 83.5 82.7 na Switzerland 70.3 68.6 69.2 Spain 58.4 59.0 61.0 Bulgaria 61.2 +/- 60.0 +/- 60.0 Venezuela 71.1 70.2 59.5 Finland 54.64 56.65 59.02 Colombia 51.0 50.0 55.2 Yugoslavia 48.3 48.8 +/- 50 Norway 45.32 46.82 47.52 Sweden 44.7 44.5 46.8 Rumania 45.0 na na Cyprus 39.4 39.7 42.0 South Africa 38.1 40.8 40.3 France 43.7 41.2 40.1 Portugal 38.5 35.4 38.1 Japan 40.12 38.11 38 Mexico 34 33 38 Paraguay 31.7 32.6 34 Greece 29.0 31.2 33.9 Peru 29.0 27.5 30.0 Poland 27.5 26.6 29.5 USSR 24.3 24.1 24.0 Brazil 22.4 21.4 22.3 Italy 20.9 19.5 21.6 Iceland 16.2 17.1 17.0 Uruguay 10.9 10.5 16.4 Chile 15.1 15.0 16.0 Israel +/- 11 na na Argentina 9.12 +/- 10 +/- 10 Tunisia 5.8 5.7 5.8 Turkey 6.8 5.4 4.0 Lebanon 2 2 4 Algeria 3.3 3.4 3.4 Morocco 1.6 na na -------------------------------------------------------------------------- na - Data not available. Note - Sales data were lacking for a number of consumption figures, which were then calculated from production figures for beer. Source - Hoeveel alcoholhoundende dranken worden er in de wereld gedrunken (How much alcoholic beverage is drunk worldwide) 25th edition. Schiedam, Netherlands: Produktschap voor gestilleerde dranken, 54 pp, 1986. (Entered: 9/87) Int'l Apparent Per Capita Consumption of Wine, 1983-85 (In liters of wine, based on total population) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Country 1983 1984 1985 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Portugal 89.1 84.2 87.0 Italy 91.4 90.5 84.8 France 85 82 80 Argentina 71.1 66.3 60.1 Luxembourg 53.6 62.5 57.3 Switzerland 48.3 49.9 49.6 Spain 57 48 48 Greece 44.1 43.9 +/- 42.5 Chile 39.1 39.7 +/- 40 Austria 37.4 36.4 34.3 Rumania +/- 29 na na Uruguay 30 28 28 Yugoslavia 27.8 26.5 +/- 26.5 West Germany 26.5 25.7 25.6 Hungary 29.6 30.7 24.8 Belgium 21.7 22.9 22.7 Bulgaria 22.6 +/- 22.5 +/- 22.5 Australia 20.4 21.3 21.3 Denmark 18.86 18.86 20.71 Czechoslavakia 14.6 15.5 15.8 Netherlands 13.87 15.22 14.96 New Zealand 12.8 14.1 14.5 Cyprus 11.1 11.8 11.9 Sweden 10.80 11.61 11.70 USSR 12.9 14.5 11.6 East Germany 11.2 10.9 10.3 South Africa 9.56 10.00 10.02 United Kingdom 8.53 9.55 9.96 Canada 9.44 9.71 na USA 8.40 8.70 9.15 Finland 8.49 8.87 8.65 Poland 7.8 8.3 7.9 Iceland 7.70 7.86 7.25 Norway 4.01 4.39 5.12 Israel +/- 4.0 na na Ireland 3.16 3.32 3.52 Tunisia 3.10 3.18 3.18 Brazil +/- 2.5 +/- 2.5 +/- 2.5 Paraguay 1.9 1.9 1.9 Morocco 1.3 na na Algeria 0.9 1.2 1.2 Turkey 0.3 0.4 1.0 Venezuela 0.7 0.7 0.7 Japan 0.70 0.73 0.7 Peru 0.6 0.6 0.6 Mexico +/- 0.2 +/- 0.2 +/- 0.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- na - Data not available. Note - Sales data were lacking for a number of consumption figures, which were then calculated from production figures for wine. Source - Hoeveel alcoholhoundende dranken worden er in de wereld gedrunken (How much alcoholic beverage is drunk worldwide) 25th edition. Schiedam, Netherlands: Produktschap voor gestilleerde dranken, 54 pp, 1986. (Entered: 9/87) Int'l Per Capita Consumption of Distilled Spirits, 1983-85 (In liters of absolute ethanol, based on total population) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Country 1983 1984 1985 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hungary 4.80 5.10 5.40 East Germany 4.8 4.6 4.8 Poland 4.1 4.2 4.6 Czechoslavakia 3.32 3.28 3.36 USSR +/- 3.3 3.7 3.1 Bulgaria 3.04 +/- 3.0 +/- 3.0 Spain +/- 3 2.8 +/- 3 Finland 2.83 2.87 2.78 USA 2.86 2.81 2.72 Canada 2.81 2.67 na Luxembourg +/- 2.5 +/- 2.5 +/- 2.5 Japan 2.18 2.47 2.4 West Germany 2.44 2.32 2.37 France 2.38 2.22 +/- 2.3 Iceland 2.10 2.21 2.26 Netherlands 2.63 2.36 2.24 Switzerland 2.15 2.11 2.18 Belgium 2.17 1.91 2.12 Cyprus 2.3 2.3 2.1 Sweden 2.26 2.10 2.05 Yugoslavia 2.2 2.1 +/- 2 Rumania +/- 2 na na Ireland 1.40 1.49 1.76 United Kingdom 1.63 1.61 1.72 New Zealand 1.67 1.75 1.71 Denmark 1.55 1.49 1.61 Austria 1.55 1.48 1.46 Norway 1.29 1.29 1.41 Australia 1.12 1.20 1.28 Italy 1.2 +/- 1.2 +/- 1.2 South Africa 1.20 1.24 1.11 Argentina 1.0 +/- 1.0 +/- 1.0 Portugal 0.8 0.8 0.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- na - Data not available. Source - Hoeveel alcoholhoundende dranken worden er in de wereld gedrunken (How much alcoholic beverage is drunk worldwide) 25th edition. Schiedam, Netherlands: Produktschap voor gestilleerde dranken, 54 pp, 1986. (Entered: 9/87) Apparent Total Alcohol Consumption for States and U.S., 1986 (Volume and ethanol in thousands of gallons) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Beer Wine Spirits State -------------- -------------- ---------------- Vol. Eth. Vol. Eth. Vol. Eth. Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------- AL 77,448 3,485 4,348 561 4,979 2,061 6,107 AK 14,711 662 1,710 221 1,219 505 1,387 AZ 101,449 4,565 9,153 1,181 5,704 2,362 8,108 AR 44,257 1,992 1,342 173 2,189 906 3,071 CA 649,059 29,208 130,573 16,844 50,068 20,728 66,780 CO 84,790 3,816 9,328 1,203 5,904 2,444 7,463 CT 65,933 2,967 10,448 1,348 7,366 3,049 7,364 DE 16,448 740 1,756 227 1,534 635 1,602 DC 17,444 785 4,182 540 2,762 1,143 2,468 FL 322,199 14,499 31,139 4,017 24,812 10,272 28,788 GA 129,793 5,841 10,001 1,290 11,066 4,581 11,712 HI 29,782 1,340 2,838 366 1,737 719 2,425 ID 22,526 1,014 2,234 288 1,119 463 1,765 IL 285,335 12,840 27,536 3,552 20,063 8,306 24,698 IN 121,355 5,461 7,810 1,007 7,094 2,937 9,405 IA 66,732 3,003 3,435 443 2,933 1,214 4,660 KS 48,815 2,197 2,509 324 2,809 1,163 3,683 KY 71,702 3,227 3,090 399 4,449 1,842 5,467 LA 106,708 4,802 6,828 881 6,514 2,697 8,380 ME 26,942 1,212 2,646 341 2,094 867 2,421 MD 103,547 4,660 10,868 1,402 9,520 3,941 10,003 MA 140,923 6,342 19,747 2,547 13,184 5,458 14,347 MI 214,912 9,671 18,836 2,430 15,987 6,619 18,720 MN 97,041 4,367 8,718 1,125 7,519 3,113 8,604 MS 56,419 2,539 1,522 196 3,338 1,382 4,117 MO 123,056 5,538 8,703 1,123 7,129 2,951 9,611 MT 22,417 1,009 1,676 216 1,256 520 1,745 NE 38,822 1,747 2,215 286 2,066 855 2,888 NV 35,782 1,610 5,298 683 3,986 1,650 3,944 NH 35,596 1,602 3,353 433 4,164 1,724 3,758 NJ 163,564 7,360 27,194 3,508 15,732 6,513 17,382 NM 41,335 1,860 3,103 400 1,936 802 3,062 NY 362,738 16,323 56,390 7,274 32,373 13,402 37,000 NC 126,841 5,708 11,781 1,520 9,162 3,793 11,021 ND 15,509 698 893 115 1,105 457 1,271 OH 251,563 11,320 16,825 2,170 12,550 5,196 18,687 OK 60,364 2,716 3,060 395 3,857 1,597 4,708 OR 60,758 2,734 9,162 1,182 3,869 1,602 5,518 PA 299,808 13,491 15,568 2,008 15,093 6,249 21,748 RI 25,152 1,132 3,301 426 1,820 753 2,311 SC 77,302 3,479 5,599 722 5,996 2,482 6,683 SD 15,011 675 826 107 1,092 452 1,234 TN 100,384 4,517 4,770 615 5,887 2,437 7,570 TX 475,542 21,399 30,567 3,943 20,401 8,446 33,789 UT 22,792 1,026 1,481 191 1,473 610 1,826 VT 14,943 672 1,977 255 1,099 455 1,382 VA 159,091 7,159 9,838 1,269 8,416 3,484 11,912 WA 97,451 4,385 16,760 2,162 7,088 2,934 9,482 WV 37,493 1,687 1,578 204 1,544 639 2,530 WI 157,933 7,107 10,020 1,293 8,820 3,651 12,051 WY 12,437 560 763 98 864 357 1,016 U.S. Total 5,749,953 258,748 585,299 75,503 394,738 163,422 497,673 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sources:Alcohol Epidemiologic Data System. Steffens, R.A., Stinson, F.S., Freel, C.G., and Clem, D. SURVEILLANCE REPORT #10: APPARENT PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION: NATIONAL, STATE AND REGIONAL TRENDS, 1977-1986. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Division of Biometry and Epidemiology (October 1988). (Entered: 12/88 -- Revised 4/89) Int'l Apparent Per Capita Consumption of Beer, 1985-87 (in liters of beer based on total population) --------------------------------------------------------------------- Country 1985 1986 1987 --------------------------------------------------------------------- East Germany 141.6 142.1 ca.145.0 West Germany 145.5 146.4 144.2 Czechoslavakia 130.8 133.4 130.0 New Zealand 115.2 120.8 121.7 Belgium 121.0 119.8 121.1 Austria 111.6 118.5 118.3 Denmark 121.26 125.78 118.05 Luxembourg 120.4 119.3 116.5 United Kingdom 108.9 108.1 110.5 Australia 115.5 111.3 108.2 Hungary 92.4 99.4 100.2 U.S.A. 90.3 90.8 90.1 Netherlands 84.5 86.0 84.3 Canada 81.6 81.1 n/a Ireland 77.0 77.3 ca. 75 Venezuela 59.5 60.7 72.4 Switzerland 69.2 69.4 69.3 Finland 61.7 65.4 68.1 Bulgaria 63.3 64.3 66.4 Spain 61.0 62.0 64.5 Columbia 52.3 54.7 56.3 Sweden 46.8 50.0 51.5 Norway 47.52 50.78 51.44 Yugoslavia 45.9 50.1 51.0 Cyprus 42.0 44.1 46.6 South Africa 38.8 41.8 46.4 Rumania 50 48 44 Peru 30.0 36.7 43.3 Japan 38 40.38 43.16 Portugal 38.1 38.8 40 France 40.1 40.4 38.9 Mexico 32.7 35 36.4 Paraguay 34 25.7 34.2 Brazil 22.3 31.6 33.6 Greece 33.9 34.4 32.3 Poland 29.5 29.7 30.4 Cuba 25.6 28.7 29.0 Italy 21.6 19.5 25.6 Uruguay 17.7 20.3 20.8 Chili 16.2 16.6 20.7 Argentina 13.02 17.57 18.54 U.S.S.R. 24 17.8 18.2 Iceland 17.0 15.8 16.0 Turkey 4.0 3.8 4.0 Tunisia 5.8 4.6 3.6 Algeria 3.4 2.7 3.2 Morocco 1.6 1.8 2.1 --------------------------------------------------------------------- na - Data not available Note: Sales data were lacking for a number of consumption figures, which were then calculated from production figures for beer. Source: Hoeveel alcoholhoude dranken worden er in de wereld gedronken? (How many alcoholic beverages are being consumed throughout the world?) 27th edition. Schiedam, Netherlands: Produktschap voor gedistilleerde dranken, 1987. (Entered: 11/89) Int'l Per Capita Consumption of Wine, 1985-87 (in liters of wine based on total population) ------------------------------------------------------------------- Country 1985 1986 1987 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Italy 84.8 73.3 79.0 France 79.7 76.4 75.1 Portugal 87.0 70.8 64.3 Luxembourg 57.3 55.4 58.5 Argentina 60.1 59.2 58.1 Spain 48 47 54 Switzerland 49.6 48.6 49.5 Chili 40 35 35 Austria 34.3 32.8 32.1 Greece 37.3 23.7 31.8 Rumania ca. 28 ca. 28 ca. 28 West Germany 25.6 23.3 25.8 Uruguay 24.3 22.0 25.7 Yugoslavia 17.4 27.5 ca. 25 Belgium 22.7 21.7 23.0 Bulgaria 20.2 22.1 22.5 Hungary 24.8 23.2 21.5 Australia 21.6 20.6 21.5 Denmark 20.71 19.82 20.63 New Zealand 14.3 16.2 15.3 Netherlands 14.96 14.9 14.61 Czechoslavakia 16.0 12.3 13.7 Cyprus 11.9 11.8 13.2 Sweden 11.7 11.96 11.83 United Kingdom 9.96 10.40 11.03 East Germany 10.3 10.9 ca. 10 Canada 10.01 9.85 na U.S.A. 9.15 9.16 9.05 South Africa 9.7 9.3 9.0 Poland 7.9 8.2 8.4 Iceland 7.25 6.77 6.8 Ireland 6.1 6.1 ca. 6 Norway 5.12 5.17 5.93 U.S.S.R. 11.6 5.6 5.7 Finland 4.49 4.92 5.12 Tunisia 3.18 3.18 3.18 Paraguay 1.9 1.9 1.9 Morocco 1.3 1.6 1.6 Brazil 2.5 2.4 1.5 Algeria 1.2 1.2 1.2 Japan 0.7 0.71 0.80 Venezuela 0.7 0.7 0.7 Peru 0.6 0.6 0.6 Turkey 1.0 0.4 0.4 Mexico ca. 0.2 ca. 0.2 ca. 0.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------- na - Data not available Note: Sales data were lacking for a number of consumption figures, which were then calculated from production figures for wine. Source: Hoeveel alcoholhoude dranken worden er in de wereld gedronken? (How many alcoholic beverages are being consumed throughout the world?) 27th edition. Schiedam, Netherlands: Produktschap voor gedistilleerde dranken, 1987. (Entered: 11/89) Int'l Per Capita Consumption of Distilled Spirits, 1985-87 (in liters of absolute ethanol, based on total population) --------------------------------------------------------------------- Country 1985 1986 1987 --------------------------------------------------------------------- East Germany 4.8 4.9 ca. 5 Hungary 5.4 5.3 4.7 Poland 4.6 4.7 4.7 Czechoslavakia 3.52 3.40 3.32 Finland 3.01 3.17 3.22 Spain ca. 3 ca. 3 ca. 3 Bulgaria 3.21 3.41 2.83 Canada 2.61 ca. 2.55 na Luxemburg ca. 2.5 ca. 2.5 ca. 2.5 U.S.A. 2.72 2.45 2.41 Iceland 2.26 2.44 2.40 Cyprus 2.1 2.3 2.4 Japan 2.4 2.38 2.30 France 2.33 2.34 2.30 West Germany 2.37 2.29 2.24 Belgium 2.12 1.98 2.15 Netherlands 2.24 2.21 2.07 Switzerland 2.18 2.08 2.04 Rumania ca. 2 ca. 2 ca. 2 Yugoslavia 1.9 ca. 2 ca. 2 Sweden 2.06 2.12 1.96 United Kingdom 1.72 1.71 1.73 Ireland 1.8 1.7 ca. 1.7 U.S.S.R. 3.1 1.9 1.6 Uruguay 1.5 1.5 1.6 New Zealand 1.72 1.4 1.6 Denmark 1.61 1.58 1.50 Austria 1.46 ca. 1.45 ca. 1.45 Norway 1.41 1.28 1.32 Australia 1.22 1.20 1.3 South Africa 1.07 1.27 1.02 Italy ca. 1.2 ca. 1.2 ca. 1.0 --------------------------------------------------------------------- na - Data not available Source: Hoeveel alcoholhoude dranken worden er in de wereld gedronken? (How many alcoholic beverages are being consumed throughout the world?) 27th edition. Schiedam, Netherlands: Produktschap voor gedistilleerde dranken, 1987. (Entered: 11/89) Int'l Apparent Per Capita Consumption-All Alcohol Beverages,'85-87 (in liters of absolute ethanol based on total population) ------------------------------------------------------------------ Country 1985 1986 1987 ------------------------------------------------------------------ France 13.3 13.2 13.0 Luxembourg 13.0 12.7 13.0 Spain 11.8 11.7 12.7 Switzerland 11.2 11.0 11.0 Hungary 11.5 11.4 10.7 Belgium 10.5 10.3 10.7 West Germany 10.8 10.5 10.6 Portugal 13.1 11.2 10.5 East Germany 10.3 10.5 10.5 Italy 11.6 10.2 10.0 Austria 9.9 10.0 9.9 Denmark 9.9 10.0 9.6 Bulgaria 8.8 9.3 8.9 Argentina 8.9 9.0 8.9 Australia 9.0 8.7 8.8 Czechoslovakia 9.4 9.0 8.6 Netherlands 8.5 8.6 8.3 New Zealand 8.2 8.3 8.3 Canada 7.9 7.8 na Rumania 7.9 7.8 7.6 U.S.A. 8.0 7.6 7.6 Yugoslavia 6.3 7.4 7.6 United Kingdom 7.1 7.1 7.3 Poland 7.0 7.2 7.2 Finland 6.5 6.9 7.1 Japan 5.7 5.9 6.3 Cyprus 5.6 5.9 6.3 Uruguay 5.1 5.0 5.5 Sweden 5.2 5.5 5.4 Ireland 5.6 5.5 5.4 Greece * 6.2 4.6 5.4 Chili * 5.6 5.0 5.2 South Africa 4.2 4.5 4.4 Norway 4.2 4.2 4.4 Iceland 4.0 4.1 4.1 Venezuela * 3.1 3.1 3.7 U.S.S.R. 5.7 3.5 3.2 Columbia ** 2.6 2.7 2.8 Peru * 1.6 1.9 2.2 Brazil * 1.4 1.9 1.9 Paraguay * 1.9 1.5 1.9 Mexico * 1.7 1.8 1.8 Cuba ** 1.3 1.4 1.5 Turkey 1.0 1.0 1.0 Tunisia * 0.7 0.6 0.6 Algeria * 0.3 0.3 0.3 Morocco * 0.2 0.3 0.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------ na - Data not Available * Either no reliable or no complete statistical data on the consumption of distilled spirits were available for this country ** Covers only consumption of beer. No figures are known on the consumption of distilled spirits or wine. Note: When calculating the quantity in liters of absolute alcohol in beer, in the absence of precise data, an average of 5% alcohol content was used; wine was calculated with an average of 12% alcohol content. Other alcoholic beverages, such as cider, sake, fruit wines British wines, and wine coolers, were included in the calculation of the total alcohol consumption above, if consumption figures were known for them. Source: Hoeveel alcoholhoude dranken worden er in de wereld gedronken? (How many alcoholic beverages are being consumed throughout the world?) 27th edition. Schiedam, Netherlands: Produktschap voor gedistilleerde dranken, 1987. (Entered: 11/89) PATTERNS OF ALCOHOL USE (DRINK) Distribution of White, Non-Hispanic Drinking Levels by Age/Sex,'83 (Numbers in thousands) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Drinking Level * ------------------------------------------------------------------ Sex Light Moderate Heavier and Age Abstainer Drinker Drinker Drinker ---------------- --------------- --------------- -------------- N % N % N % N % -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Both Sexes 18-74 Yrs 42,080 34.1 39,405 31.9 28,641 23.2 13,345 10.8 18-29 Yrs 9,468 25.5 12,445 33.5 10,883 29.3 4,357 11.7 30-44 Yrs 10,741 29.4 12,913 35.3 9,126 24.9 3,806 10.4 45-64 Yrs 15,167 40.4 11,160 29.7 7,119 18.9 4,127 11.0 65-74 Yrs 6,703 55.1 2,887 23.7 1,513 12.4 1,055 8.7 Male 18-74 Yrs 14,174 23.8 17,789 29.9 17,438 29.3 10,135 17.0 18-29 Yrs 3,249 17.6 5,335 28.9 6,611 35.9 3,245 17.6 30-44 Yrs 3,491 19.5 5,838 32.6 5,681 31.7 2,919 16.3 45-64 Yrs 5,193 28.9 5,300 29.5 4,290 23.9 3,178 17.7 65-74 Yrs 2,241 43.1 1,315 25.3 856 16.4 792 15.2 Female 18-74 Yrs 27,906 43.6 21,617 33.8 11,203 17.5 3,210 5.0 18-29 Yrs 6,219 33.2 7,110 38.0 4,272 22.8 1,113 5.9 30-44 Yrs 7,250 38.9 7,075 37.9 3,445 18.5 886 4.8 45-64 Yrs 9,974 50.9 5,860 29.9 2,829 14.4 949 4.8 65-74 Yrs 4,462 64.2 1,572 22.6 657 9.4 262 3.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- *Abstainer defined as a person who drinks less than 12 drinks per year or a former drinker who has not had a drink in over a year: light drinker drinks up to .21 oz of ethanol daily (up to 3 drinks per week); moderate drinker drinks between .22 and .99 oz of ethanol daily (4 to 13 drinks per week); heavier drinker consumes 1 or more oz of ethanol daily (2 drinks or more a day). Source: NCHS, unpublished data from the 1983 Alcohol/Health Practices Questionnaire of the National Health Interview Survey. (Entered: 9/87) Distribution of Black, Non-Hispanic Drinking Levels by Age/Sex,'83 (Numbers in thousands) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Drinking Level * ------------------------------------------------------------------ Sex Light Moderate Heavier and Age Abstainer Drinker Drinker Drinker ---------------- --------------- --------------- -------------- N % N % N % N % -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Both Sexes 18-74 Yrs 8,763 55.5 3,581 22.7 2,314 14.7 1,133 7.2 18-29 Yrs 3,141 52.9 1,516 25.5 952 16.0 327 5.5 30-44 Yrs 2,171 46.7 1,238 26.6 798 17.2 438 9.4 45-64 Yrs 2,489 62.0 714 17.8 513 12.8 301 7.5 65-74 Yrs 963 80.7 114 9.6 50** 4.2 66 5.6 Male 18-74 Yrs 3,012 42.8 1,637 23.3 1,514 21.5 871 12.4 18-29 Yrs 1,281 46.4 611 22.1 630 22.8 238 8.6 30-44 Yrs 640 31.4 557 27.4 504 24.8 335 16.5 45-64 Yrs 745 43.3 388 22.5 341 19.8 246 14.3 65-74 Yrs 346 66.9 81 15.7 39** 7.5** 51**9.9** Female 18-74 Yrs 5,751 65.7 1,944 22.2 800 9.1 262 3.0 18-29 Yrs 1,860 58.6 905 28.5 322 10.1 89 2.8 30-44 Yrs 1,531 58.7 681 26.1 294 11.3 103 4.0 45-64 Yrs 1,743 75.9 326 14.2 172 7.5 54 2.4 65-74 Yrs 617 91.2 33** 4.9 11** 1.7** 15** 2.3** -------------------------------------------------------------------------- *Abstainer defined as a person who drinks less than 12 drinks per year or a former drinker who has not had a drink in over a year: light drinker drinks up to .21 oz of ethanol daily (up to 3 drinks per week); moderate drinker drinks between .22 and .99 oz of ethanol daily (4 to 13 drinks per week); heavier drinker consumes 1 or more oz of ethanol daily (2 drinks or more a day). ** Estimate is calculated with data from 5 or fewer respondents. Source: NCHS, unpublished data from the 1983 Alcohol/Health Practices Questionnaire of the National Health Interview Survey. (Entered: 9/87) Distribution of Mexican American Drinking Levels by Age/Sex,'82-84 (Numbers in thousands) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Drinking Level * ------------------------------------------------------------------ Sex Light Moderate Heavier and Age Abstainer Drinker Drinker Drinker ---------------- --------------- --------------- -------------- N % N % N % N % -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Both Sexes 18-74 Yrs 2,380 44.1 1,484 27.5 1,007 18.7 525 9.7 18-29 Yrs 914 41.6 644 29.3 421 19.2 217 9.9 30-44 Yrs 683 38.2 516 28.9 387 21.7 201 11.3 45-64 Yrs 595 52.2 279 24.5 165 14.5 101 8.9 65-74 Yrs 188 69.2 45 16.4 33 12.2 6** 2.2** Male 18-74 Yrs 621 23.0 778 28.8 816 30.2 485 18.0 18-29 Yrs 259 22.9 342 30.1 333 29.4 199 17.6 30-44 Yrs 158 17.4 248 27.3 320 35.2 184 20.2 45-64 Yrs 141 26.5 161 30.3 134 25.2 96 18.1 65-74 Yrs 63 40.7 27 21.7 29 22.8 6** 4.8** Female 18-74 Yrs 1 759 65.3 706 26.2 191 7.1 40 1.5 18-29 Yrs 655 61.6 302 25.8 88 8.3 17 1.6 30-44 Yrs 525 59.8 268 30.6 67 7.6 18 2.0 45-64 Yrs 454 74.7 118 19.4 31 5.1 5** 1.0** 65-74 Yrs 125 84.9 18 11.9 5 ** 3.3 - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------- *Abstainer defined as a person who drinks less than 12 drinks per year or a former drinker who has not had a drink in over a year: light drinker drinks up to .21 oz of ethanol daily (up to 3 drinks per week); moderate drinker drinks between .22 and .99 oz of ethanol daily (4 to 13 drinks per week); heavier drinker consumes 1 or more oz of ethanol daily (2 drinks or more a day). ** Estimate is calculated with data from 5 or fewer respondents. - Value is zero. Source: NCHS, unpublished data from Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. (Entered: 9/87) Distribution of Cuban American Drinking Levels by Age/Sex, '82-84 (Numbers in thousands) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Drinking Level * ------------------------------------------------------------------ Sex Light Moderate Heavier and Age Abstainer Drinker Drinker Drinker ---------------- --------------- --------------- -------------- N % N % N % N % --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Both Sexes 18-74 Yrs 191 56.3 86 25.5 47 13.9 15 4.4 18-29 Yrs 29 39.0 33 44.4 11 14.2 2** 2.4** 30-44 Yrs 51 49.0 29 27.6 18 17.6 6 5.9 45-64 Yrs 84 65.4 21 16.2 17 13.0 7 5.4 65-74 Yrs 27 84.0 3 11.1 1** 4.8** - - Male 18-74 Yrs 47 30.9 52 34.2 39 25.8 14 9.2 18-29 Yrs 7 17.2 21 55.3 8 22.7 2** 4.8** 30-44 Yrs 8 20.2 14 33.2 14 33.1 5 13.5 45-64 Yrs 24 40.0 14 23.7 15 25.5 7 10.8 65-74 Yrs 8 62.2 3 25.6 2** 12.2** - - Female 18-74 Yrs 144 76.9 34 18.4 8 4.3 1 0.4 18-29 Yrs 23 60.5 13 33.8 2** 5.8** - - 30-44 Yrs 42 68.0 15 23.9 5 7.3 1** 0.8** 45-64 Yrs 60 88.2 6 9.5 1** 1.9** - - 65-74 Yrs 19 98.3 - - - - - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------- *Abstainer defined as a person who drinks less than 12 drinks per year or a former drinker who has not had a drink in over a year: light drinker drinks up to .21 oz of ethanol daily (up to 3 drinks per week); moderate drinker drinks between .22 and .99 oz of ethanol daily (4 to 13 drinks per week); heavier drinker consumes 1 or more oz of ethanol daily (2 drinks or more a day). ** Estimate is calculated with data from 5 or fewer respondents. - Value is zero. Source: NCHS, unpublished data from Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. (Entered: 9/87) Distribution of Puerto Rican Drinking Levels by Age/Sex, 1982-84 (Numbers in thousands) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Drinking Level * ------------------------------------------------------------------ Sex Light Moderate Heavier and Age Abstainer Drinker Drinker Drinker ---------------- --------------- --------------- -------------- N % N % N % N % -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Both Sexes 18-74 Yrs 363 53.4 158 23.2 104 15.3 56 8.2 18-29 Yrs 122 48.0 68 26.9 43 17.1 20 8.0 30-44 Yrs 123 50.6 62 25.4 39 15.9 20 8.1 45-64 Yrs 97 62.3 24 15.3 20 12.9 15 9.5 65-74 Yrs 21 76.2 4 13.3 2** 6.5** 1** 4.0** Male 18-74 Yrs 80 30.8 64 24.7 71 27.5 44 17.1 18-29 Yrs 26 26.2 28 28.4 29 29.0 16 16.4 30-44 Yrs 27 31.8 19 22.5 24 28.4 14 17.2 45-64 Yrs 22 33.7 14 21.8 16 25.5 12 19.1 65-74 Yrs 4 48.9 3 26.5 2** 15.7** 1** 8.9** Female 18-74 Yrs 283 67.3 94 22.2 33 7.8 12 2.8 18-29 Yrs 96 62.1 40 25.9 15 9.4 4 2.7 30-44 Yrs 95 60.8 43 27.0 14 9.1 5 3.1 45-64 Yrs 76 82.4 10 10.8 4 4.0 3 2.8 65-74 Yrs 16 90.2 1** 6.5** - - - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------- *Abstainer defined as a person who drinks less than 12 drinks per year or a former drinker who has not had a drink in over a year: light drinker drinks up to .21 oz of ethanol daily (up to 3 drinks per week); moderate drinker drinks between .22 and .99 oz of ethanol daily (4 to 13 drinks per week); heavier drinker consumes 1 or more oz of ethanol daily (2 drinks or more a day). ** Estimate is calculated with data from 5 or fewer respondents. - Value is zero. Source: NCHS, unpublished data from Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. (Entered: 9/87) Trends in Prevalence of Alcohol Use Among High School Sr., 1975-88 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent Using Alcohol Graduating ----------------------------------------------------------- Year Ever In Last In Last Daily In Last In Life 12 Months 30 Days 30 Days -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1988 92.0 85.3 63.9 4.2 1987 92.2 85.7 66.4 4.8 1986 91.3 84.5 65.3 4.8 1985 92.2 85.6 65.9 5.0 1984 92.6 86.0 67.2 4.8 1983 92.6 87.3 69.4 5.5 1982 92.8 86.8 69.7 5.7 1981 92.6 87.0 70.7 6.0 1980 93.2 87.9 72.0 6.0 1979 93.0 88.1 71.8 6.9 1978 93.1 87.7 72.1 5.7 1977 92.5 87.0 71.2 6.1 1976 91.9 85.7 68.3 5.6 1975 90.4 84.8 68.2 5.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sources:National Institute on Drug Abuse. NATIONAL TRENDS IN DRUG USE AND RELATED FACTORS AMONG AMERICAN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS, 1975-1988. Rockville, MD: DHHS Pub. No. (ADM)87-1535, 1987 / Monitoring the Future: A Continuing Study of the Lifestyles and Values of Youth, pre-publication press release, February, 1989. (Entered: 3/89) Alcohol Use Among H.S.Sr. by Sex/College Plans/Region/Pop Dens.'86 Prevalence of Alcohol Use Among High School Seniors by Sex, College Plans, Region and Population Density, 1986 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent Using Alcohol 1986 ------------------------------------------------------------ Ever In Last In Last Daily In Last In Life 12 Months 30 Days 30 Days -------------------------------------------------------------------------- All Seniors 91.3 84.5 65.3 4.8 Sex: Male 92.3 85.8 69.0 6.7 Female 90.6 83.4 61.9 2.8 College Plans: None or under 4 yrs 92.2 85.1 66.6 6.8 Complete 4 yrs 91.1 84.6 64.8 3.5 Region: Northeast 94.3 88.7 67.6 4.9 North Central 93.5 88.4 71.3 4.9 South 88.0 78.4 58.2 4.9 West 89.7 82.9 64.5 4.2 Population Density: Large SMSA 92.8 86.8 66.2 4.0 Other SMSA 91.0 84.1 64.8 4.5 Non-SMSA 90.6 83.0 65.2 5.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source:National Institute on Drug Abuse. NATIONAL TRENDS IN DRUG USE AND RELATED FACTORS AMONG AMERICAN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS, 1975-1986. Rockville, MD: DHHS Pub. No. (ADM)87-1535, 1987. (Entered: 3/89) Alcohol Use by H.S.Sr. by Sex/College Plans/Region/Pop Density,'86 Prevalence of Alcohol Use Among High School Seniors by Sex, College Plans, Region and Population Density, 1988 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent Using Alcohol 1988 ------------------------------------------------------------ Ever In Last In Last Daily In Last In Life 12 Months 30 Days 30 Days -------------------------------------------------------------------------- All Seniors 92.0 85.3 63.9 N/A Sex: Male 92.1 85.7 68.0 N/A Female 92.0 85.0 59.9 N/A College Plans: None or under 4 yrs 92.2 85.5 65.0 N/A Complete 4 yrs 92.2 85.7 63.6 N/A Region: Northeast 93.9 88.0 66.7 N/A North Central 93.8 88.1 67.9 N/A South 89.3 80.9 58.6 N/A West 92.5 86.5 65.0 N/A Population Density: Large SMSA 92.2 86.1 63.8 N/A Other SMSA 92.3 85.7 64.1 N/A Non-SMSA 91.3 83.9 63.8 N/A -------------------------------------------------------------------------- N/A = Information not available Source: National Institute on Drug Abuse. Monitoring the Future: A Continuing Study of the Lifestyles and Values of Youth, pre- publication press release, February, 1989. (Entered: 3/89) 1st Use of Alcohol & Getting Drunk, U.S. High School Class-'85,'86 Grade of First Use of Alcohol, U.S. High School Class of 1985 & 1986, Grade of First Getting Drunk, U.S. High School Class of 1986 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent of High School Seniors First: Grade of ------------------------------------------------------------ First Use Using Alcohol (85) Using Alcohol (86) Getting Drunk (86) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6th 9.7 8.4 3.4 7-8th 23.0 21.9 14.2 9th 22.8 24.6 19.1 10th 18.5 17.9 15.6 11th 11.8 12.4 12.8 12th 6.4 6.1 6.3 Never used 7.8 8.7 28.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE: National Institute on Drug Abuse. DRUG USE AMONG AMERICAN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS, COLLEGE STUDENTS, AND OTHER YOUNG ADULTS: NATIONAL TRENDS THROUGH 1985. Washington DC, DHHS Publication No. (ADM) 86-1450, 1986. and National Institute on Drug Abuse. NATIONAL TRENDS IN DRUG USE AND RELATED FACTORS AMONG AMERICAN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS, 1975-1986. Rockville, MD: DHHS Pub. No. (ADM)87-1535, 1987. (Entered: 9/87) Alcohol-Related Behavioral Risk-Factor Rates-21 States,D.C.,'84-85 Risk-Factor Rates(*) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Risk Factor -------------------------------------------------- Binge Heavier Drinking State Drinking** Drinking# & Driving## ------------- ------------- ------------- 1984 1985 1984 1985 1984 1985 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Arizona 20.8 19.0 12.0 9.3 6.3 5.6 California 20.4 17.3 10.5 8.2 4.2 3.3 Connecticut na 20.6 na 9.2 na 1.5 District of Columbia na 15.2 na 6.3 na 2.6 Florida na 17.3 na 9.3 na 3.4 Georgia na 15.3 na 5.9 na 3.9 Idaho 17.8 15.6 5.8 5.9 4.2 3.3 Illinois 22.8 21.2 10.2 10.9 6.9 6.3 Indiana 16.6 19.3 8.1 4.9 4.7 1.3 Kentucky na 8.8 na 5.2 na 1.7 Minnesota 25.3 23.3 7.7 6.6 6.9 6.8 Montana 27.0 22.4 6.9 5.9 8.2 5.5 New York na 19.0 na 8.9 na 4.2 North Carolina 14.2 12.6 6.8 4.9 4.6 3.7 North Dakota na 24.0 na 3.7 na 9.8 Ohio 22.5 19.8 8.7 7.5 7.4 4.5 Rhode Island 19.2 12.9 8.6 6.1 5.0 3.0 South Carolina 11.0 9.8 5.7 5.2 2.0 3.3 Tennessee 8.6 6.3 4.8 5.0 3.3 1.7 Utah 10.5 12.2 3.2 3.0 3.9 2.5 West Virginia 11.6 13.6 5.7 4.6 2.9 2.8 Wisconsin 28.9 27.3 10.3 9.4 11.3 9.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- na - Data not available * Percentages. ** Person who drank five or more drinks on an occasion one or more times in the past month. # Person whose average total alcoholic beverage intake exceeds 60 drinks per month. ## Person who states he/she has driven after having too much to drink one or more times in the past month. Source:Brooks, R., et al. "Behavioral risk-factor surveillance: Selected States, 1984"; MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT, 35(16): 253-254, (1986). and Brooks, R., et al. "Behavioral risk-factor surveillance in selected States--1985"; MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT, 35(27): 441-444, (1986). (Entered: 9/87) Age/Sex Dist. of Drinking Patterns of U.S. Adults in Households'84 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Men Drinking Pattern ------------------------------------------------- 18-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60 + All Ages -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstainers (%) 18 13 22 29 42 24 Infrequent low maximum 7 6 13 7 12 9 Infrequent high maximum 1 3 2 1 1 2 Less frequent low maximum 11 8 15 7 9 10 Less frequent high maximum 10 9 2 7 * 6 Frequent low maximum 6 12 10 15 22 15 Frequent high maximum 20 27 16 17 9 18 Frequent heavy drinker 27 21 19 17 4 18N (620) (511) (305) (232) (413) (2081) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Women Drinking Pattern ------------------------------------------------- 18-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60 + All Ages -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstainers (%) 26 31 38 38 51 36 Infrequent low maximum 17 15 19 18 17 17 Infrequent high maximum 3 2 1 * 1 2 Less frequent low maximum 14 16 11 13 14 14 Less frequent high maximum 11 9 6 4 1 6 Frequent low maximum 10 7 12 20 14 12 Frequent high maximum 11 12 7 5 1 8 Frequent heavy drinker 7 7 6 2 1 5N (892) (763) (406) (358) (678) (3097) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Less than 0.5%. Percentages based on weighted data. N's given for unweighted data. Drinking Patterns Defined: Abstainer -- Never drinks or drinks less than once per year. Infrequent low maximum -- Drinks one to 11 times per year but never drinks five or more drinks at a sitting. Infrequent high maximum -- Drinks one to 11 times per year and drinks five or more drinks at a sitting at least once per year. Less frequent low maximum -- Drinks one to three times per month but never drinks as many as five drinks at a sitting. Less frequent high maximum -- Drinks one to three times per month and drinks five or more drinks at a sitting at least once per year. Frequent low maximum -- Drinks once per week or more often but never drinks as many as five drinks at a sitting. Frequent high maximum -- Drinks once per week or more often and drinks five or more drinks at a sitting at least once per year but not classified as frequent heavy drinker. Frequent heavy drinker -- Drinks once per week or more often and drinks five or more drinks in a single day once a week or more often. Source: 1984 National Survey by the Alcohol Research Group, reported in Hilton, M. Drinking Patterns and Drinking Problems in 1984: Results from a General Population Survey. ALCOHOLISM: CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH, Vol. 11, No. 2, March/April 1987, p. 167-175. (Entered: 9/87) % of Adults Reporting Past Month Use-Alcohol/Marijuana by Sex, '82 Percent of Adults (#) Reporting Past Month Use of Both Alcohol and Marijuana by Sex, with Race and Age Breakouts for Concomitant Use, 1982 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Males Females -------------------------- ------------------------- % ** Group- % ** Group- Drugs Used Distri- Specific Distri- Specific N * bution % ** N * bution % ** -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Alcohol, no marijuana 1,092 50 1,106 40 Marijuana, no alcohol 28 1 30 1 Alcohol and marijuana, occasionally or more frequent use in combination ## 337 11 185 4 Race: White 12 5 Black 11 5 Hispanic 6 1 Asian/Pacific Islander 5 0 Native American 6 4 Others 0 0 Age: 12-17 Years 8 6 18-25 Years 24 12 26-34 Years 17 8 35-49 Years 14 2 50-64 Years 2 0 65+ Years 0 0 Alcohol and marijuana, not in combination 75 3 75 2 Unspecified drug use 152 5 183 6 None 953 30 1,408 48 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Ages 18 years and older. * Unweighted data. ** Weighted data. ##- Based on the following item from the NIDA Household Survey on Drug Abuse: On the occasions you have used marijuana or hashish, about how often did you have an alcohol drink around the same time? Usually About half the time Occasionally Rarely Never Never used marijuana or hashish Source: Norton, R. and Colliver, J. Prevalence and patterns of combined alcohol and marijuana use. JOURNAL OF ALCOHOL STUDIES, in press, to be published May, 1988. (Entered: 9/87) Drinking Behavior of Married Mothers of Liveborn Infants, 1980 Drinking Behavior Before and During Pregnancy of Married Mothers of Liveborn Infants by Race/Ethnicity and Age, 1980 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total % of Mothers % of Mothers Who --------------- Who Drank * Stopped Drinking Characteristics Number % Before Pregnancy During Pregnancy -------------------------------------------------------------------------- All Married Mothers 4,405 100.0 55.0 29.6 Race/Ethnicity White, Non-Hispanic 3,727 84.6 58.1 29.2 Black, Non-Hispanic 247 5.6 39.2 37.1 Hispanic 253 5.7 39.9 27.7 Other ** 178 4.0 33.2 37.3 Age - All Races Under 20 Years 330 7.5 40.3 39.1 20-24 1,393 31.6 53.0 33.2 25-29 1,608 36.5 58.2 29.5 30-34 846 19.2 58.6 22.4 35 and older 228 5.2 53.1 28.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Drinkers are those who consumed at least one drink (0.5 oz. of absolute alcohol once a month). ** Includes all other races not shown separately. Source: National Center for Health Statistics: Preliminary Data from the Natality Survey. (Entered: 9/87) Drinking Behavior of Married Mothers of Stillborn Infants, 1980 Drinking Behavior Before and During Pregnancy of Married Mothers of Stillborn Infants by Race/Ethnicity and Age, 1980 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total % of Mothers % of Mothers Who --------------- Who Drank * Stopped Drinking Characteristics Number % Before Pregnancy During Pregnancy -------------------------------------------------------------------------- All Married Mothers 2,616 100.0 48.9 33.2 Race/Ethnicity White, Non-Hispanic 2,154 82.3 52.3 31.9 Black, Non-Hispanic 247 9.4 34.0 44.0 Hispanic 136 5.2 35.3 45.8 Other ** 79 3.0 26.6 33.3 Age - All Races Under 20 Years 211 8.1 45.0 44.2 20-24 792 30.3 47.3 39.2 25-29 866 33.1 52.4 31.5 30-34 520 19.9 49.4 27.2 35 and older 227 8.7 43.2 23.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Drinkers are those who consumed at least one drink (0.5 oz. of absolute alcohol once a month). ** Includes all other races not shown separately. Source: National Center for Health Statistics: Preliminary Data from the Natality Survey. (Entered: 9/87) NIDA Survey: % Rep. Alcohol Use in Lifetime by Age/Demographics'85 NIDA Household Survey: Percent Reporting Alcohol Use in Lifetime by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, 1985 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Age Group (Years) Demographic ---------------------------------------------- Characteristic 12-17 18-25 26-34 35+ Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 55.5 92.6 93.1 88.0 86.1 Sex Male 57.8 94.1 96.1 95.3 90.7 Female 53.1 91.1 90.3 81.7 81.8 Race/Ethnicity White 60.7 96.2 95.4 89.9 88.9 Black 38.8 79.8 86.5 79.5 74.7 Hispanic 44.1 81.3 85.2 73.6 73.2 Population Density Large Metro 52.8 89.8 90.8 85.8 83.7 Small Metro 54.1 94.6 95.2 91.1 88.4 Nonmetro 58.4 91.6 91.9 85.2 84.4 Region Northeast 60.8 97.1 96.1 91.8 90.1 North Central 57.0 96.1 95.4 89.9 88.6 South 49.2 88.0 89.7 82.7 80.9 West 58.5 90.3 92.4 90.4 87.0 Adult Education Less than high school N/A 87.6 90.4 76.8 80.1 High school graduate N/A 92.8 93.1 89.9 88.6 Some college N/A 94.4 94.4 94.2 94.3 College graduate N/A 96.1 93.6 96.7 95.7 Current Employment Full-time 82.3 95.1 95.0 93.5 94.0 Part-time 64.0 90.6 94.6 86.6 83.3 Unemployed 70.4 91.4 88.6 84.3 86.6 Other 48.2 86.6 86.2 82.0 75.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source: NIDA, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse: Main Findings 1985. DHHS Pub. No. (ADM)88-1586, 1988. (Entered: 10/88) NIDA Survey: % Rep. Alcohol Use in Past Yr. by Age/Demographics'85 NIDA Household Survey: Percent Reporting Alcohol Use in the Past Year by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, 1985 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Age Group (Years) Demographic ---------------------------------------------- Characteristic 12-17 18-25 26-34 35+ Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 51.7 87.2 84.0 69.9 73.4 Sex Male 52.9 90.3 88.6 76.7 78.6 Female 50.5 84.1 79.7 64.0 68.8 Race/Ethnicity White 57.1 91.2 86.0 72.2 76.3 Black 33.7 73.1 77.6 53.3 59.0 Hispanic 40.8 76.0 77.8 59.7 64.0 Population Density Large Metro 49.3 86.1 86.0 76.2 72.7 Small Metro 50.7 90.2 88.6 74.5 77.2 Nonmetro 54.1 84.0 77.5 65.5 69.3 Region Northeast 58.1 91.5 91.1 79.2 81.2 North Central 52.0 92.4 88.6 74.5 78.2 South 44.5 81.7 76.3 56.0 62.5 West 56.1 84.6 82.8 77.5 77.3 Adult Education Less than high school N/A 79.3 78.3 49.0 57.1 High school graduate N/A 87.6 82.8 73.3 78.7 Some college N/A 90.6 85.4 83.8 85.9 College graduate N/A 91.6 87.9 84.2 86.2 Current Employment Full-time 81.1 90.6 87.7 80.1 84.2 Part-time 60.3 83.5 82.8 74.3 74.4 Unemployed 66.4 85.7 77.0 67.0 75.8 Other 44.2 80.0 72.6 56.5 57.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source: NIDA, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse: Main Findings 1985. DHHS Pub. No. (ADM)88-1586, 1988. (Entered: 10/88) NIDA Survey: % Rep. Alcohol Use in Past Month-Age/Demographic, '85 NIDA Household Survey: Percent Reporting Alcohol Use in the Past Month by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, 1985 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Age Group (Years) Demographic ---------------------------------------------- Characteristic 12-17 18-25 26-34 35+ Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 31.0 71.4 70.0 57.3 59.1 Sex Male 33.5 78.3 79.6 67.9 67.8 Female 28.4 64.4 60.7 48.3 51.1 Race/Ethnicity White 34.3 75.7 72.2 59.3 61.8 Black 20.9 57.4 65.9 44.0 47.5 Hispanic 21.7 58.4 65.1 49.6 50.5 Population Density Large Metro 28.3 67.0 76.2 56.6 59.4 Small Metro 32.4 74.3 73.9 60.5 62.3 Nonmetro 30.7 70.0 61.7 53.7 55.2 Region Northeast 33.5 76.1 78.9 65.0 66.0 North Central 33.4 78.2 74.8 62.6 64.8 South 25.7 64.3 58.3 42.8 47.1 West 34.6 68.9 72.4 67.6 64.9 Adult Education Less than high school N/A 61.1 62.9 34.0 41.5 High school graduate N/A 71.1 65.9 60.7 64.2 Some college N/A 74.9 75.8 71.0 73.2 College graduate N/A 82.6 74.7 76.0 76.4 Current Employment Full-time 63.0 76.3 74.2 69.9 72.2 Part-time 38.7 66.0 71.3 60.6 58.2 Unemployed 53.4 70.8 62.8 54.4 62.0 Other 23.2 59.8 54.7 41.4 40.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source: NIDA, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse: Main Findings 1985. DHHS Pub. No. (ADM)88-1586, 1988. (Entered: 10/88) NIDA Survey: % Rep. Alcohol Use in Life/Past Yr/Past Mo. by Age'85 NIDA Household Survey: Percent Reporting Alcohol Use in Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month by Age, 1985 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Past Past Age Unweighted N Lifetime Year Month -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 8,038 86.1 73.4 59.1 12-17 Years Old 55.5 51.7 31.0 12-13 686 27.5 24.2 10.8 14-15 811 61.0 57.0 34.7 16-17 749 75.8 71.8 45.9 18-25 Years Old 92.6 87.2 71.4 18-21 844 90.6 84.9 65.6 22-25 969 94.3 89.2 76.4 26-34 Years Old 93.1 84.0 70.0 26-29 990 94.8 86.3 70.5 30-34 1,176 91.8 82.2 69.6 35 Years and Older 88.0 69.9 57.3 35-39 324 93.4 82.8 70.1 40-44 208 90.8 77.3 66.6 45-49 178 95.7 81.4 70.9 50+ 1,103 84.0 61.5 48.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source: NIDA, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse: Main Findings 1985. DHHS Pub. No. (ADM)88-1586, 1988. (Entered: 10/88) NIDA Survey: % Rep. Alcohol Use by Age Group/Race/Ethnicity/Sex'85 NIDA Household Survey: Percent Reporting Alcohol Use in Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex, 1985 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Age Group (Years) Race/Ethnicity ---------------------------------------------- and Sex 12-17 18-25 26-34 35+ Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Unweighted Ns White Male 523 368 458 453 1,802 Black Male 271 184 183 135 773 Hispanic Male 317 236 206 125 884 White Female 470 426 624 627 2,147 Black Female 319 277 316 260 1,172 Hispanic Female 310 292 328 182 1,112 Used Alcohol in Lifetime White Male 61.6 96.4 97.5 96.0 92.5 Black Male 44.1 81.5 88.6 92.4 81.3 Hispanic Male 49.8 87.7 92.2 90.5 84.0 White Female 59.6 95.9 93.3 84.6 85.5 Black Female 33.5 78.3 84.6 69.5 69.1 Hispanic Female 38.5 74.4 78.2 58.8 62.8 Used Alcohol in Past Year White Male 57.1 92.8 89.5 77.7 80.2 Black Male 37.7 76.2 82.3 67.1 67.0 Hispanic Male 45.4 84.8 87.8 75.9 75.7 White Female 57.1 89.6 82.6 67.4 72.6 Black Female 29.6 70.4 73.5 42.7 52.3 Hispanic Female 36.3 66.6 67.7 45.5 52.8 Used Alcohol in Past Month White Male 36.1 81.0 80.1 69.0 69.5 Black Male 23.8 66.8 77.3 56.5 57.3 Hispanic Male 26.0 73.8 82.0 67.1 65.6 White Female 32.3 70.3 64.4 51.1 54.7 Black Female 17.9 49.2 55.9 34.4 39.2 Hispanic Female 17.6 42.1 48.1 34.2 36.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source: NIDA, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse: Main Findings 1985. DHHS Pub. No. (ADM)88-1586, 1988. (Entered: 10/88) NIDA Survey: % Dist. of Alcohol Use-Past Month by Demographics,'85 NIDA Household Survey: Percent Distribution of Days of Alcohol Use in Past Month by Demographic Characteristics * -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Demographic 1-4 5-19 20-30 Characteristic None Days Days Days -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 41.8 30.3 18.3 9.5 Age Group 12-17 Years 70.7 21.4 7.0 1.0 18-25 Years 29.3 39.9 25.1 5.6 26-34 Years 30.5 35.4 22.8 11.2 35+ Years 43.8 27.3 16.9 12.0 Sex Male 33.0 29.4 23.1 14.5 Female 49.9 31.1 13.9 5.0 Race/Ethnicity White 39.0 30.6 19.8 10.6 Black 54.6 27.9 12.0 5.5 Hispanic 51.7 30.5 13.3 4.5 Population Density Large Metro 42.0 33.7 15.6 8.7 Small Metro 38.6 30.7 20.0 10.7 Nonmetro 45.5 28.4 17.5 8.6 Region Northeast 34.9 31.9 21.1 12.1 North Central 36.0 34.3 20.2 9.5 South 54.0 26.0 13.7 6.2 West 35.8 31.4 20.6 12.1 Adult Education ** Less then high school 60.2 24.2 11.0 4.6 High school graduate 36.6 35.3 17.8 10.2 Some college 27.4 37.1 21.4 14.0 College graduate 23.9 27.4 33.0 15.6 Current Employment Full-time 28.5 34.1 24.9 12.5 Part-time 42.2 32.2 18.2 7.3 Unemployed 39.4 35.2 16.5 8.9 Other 61.1 23.4 9.2 6.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Due to rounding, row percents may not total 100.0. The percents for "None" differ slightly from those that may be inferred from table I-B-16 because of missing data for some past month users on number of days used. ** Respondents age 12-17 are not included in "Adult Education." Source: NIDA, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse: Main Findings 1985. DHHS Pub. No. (ADM)88-1586, 1988. (Entered: 10/88) NIDA Survey: # Days in Past Month Respondent Consumed >5 Drinks'85 NIDA Household Survey: Percent Distribution of Number of Days During Past Month Respondent Consumed 5 or More Drinks on the Same Occasion by Demographic Characteristics, 1985 * ------------------------------------------------------------ Demographic 1-4 5-30 Characteristic None Days Days ------------------------------------------------------------ Total 79.5 14.1 6.5 Age Group 12-17 Years 88.4 7.8 3.8 18-25 Years 65.1 24.4 10.5 26-34 Years 70.2 19.9 9.9 35+ Years 85.6 9.9 4.5 Sex Male 68.4 21.1 10.6 Female 89.6 7.7 2.7 Race/Ethnicity White 78.5 14.8 6.8 Black 85.3 9.8 4.9 Hispanic 78.5 15.0 6.5 Population Density Large Metro 78.2 15.4 6.4 Small Metro 78.5 14.9 6.6 Nonmetro 81.2 12.4 6.4 Region Northeast 73.9 18.9 7.2 North Central 77.4 14.3 8.3 South 85.3 10.2 4.5 West 78.8 14.4 6.8 Adult Education Less then high school 84.3 10.6 5.2 High school graduate 77.0 15.1 7.9 Some college 76.3 15.5 8.3 College graduate 75.2 19.4 5.4 Current Employment Full-time 71.0 20.1 8.9 Part-time 82.5 11.9 5.6 Unemployed 71.4 19.9 8.7 Other 91.6 5.4 3.0 ------------------------------------------------------------ * Due to rounding, row percents may not total 100.0. Source: NIDA, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse: Main Findings 1985. DHHS. Pub. No. (ADM)88-1586, 1988. (Entered: 10/88) NIDA Survey: % Rep. Use Selected Drugs/Alcohol Use Past Month, '85 NIDA Household Survey: Percent Reporting Use of Selected Drugs in Past Month by Age Group and Alcohol Use in Past Month, 1985 ------------------------------------------------------------ Alcohol Use in Past Month Drugs Used --------------------- in Past Month No Yes Total ------------------------------------------------------------ Total 40.9 59.1 12-17 Years Old 69.0 31.0