Provisional Births Data Summary

Group Results By:		Select up to five variables to group (summarize, stratify, index) your data. For example, you could select to group your data by State and Month. See How do I organize my data? for more information.
Select Measures:		Optional measures are available for the Natality data beginning in year 2003, see Births for other years of births data on CDC WONDER. Select the check box to calculate these measures for your query criteria. The number of live births is always calculated by default.
Title:		Enter any desired description to display as a title with your results.

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Group Results By

Select up to five variables that serve as keys for grouping your data. For example, you could select to group (summarize, stratify, index) your data by Year, State, and Race.

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Percent of Total Births

Calculates percentages for your query results. The percentages appear in a column, showing each row's percentage of the total births in the results table. The results table shows data for the live births that met your query criteria.

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Average Age of Mother (years)

Calculates the average maternal age in years for your query results. The averages appear in a column, showing each row's average value. The results table shows data for the live births that met your query criteria.

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Average Gestational Age based on Last Menstrual Period (weeks)

Calculates the average gestational age of the infant in weeks, based on the Last Menstrual Period (LMP). The averages appear in a column, showing each row's average value. The results table shows data for the live births that met your query criteria.

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Average Gestational Age based on Obstetric Estimate (weeks)

Calculates the average gestational age of the infant in weeks, based on the Obstetric Estimate (OE). The averages appear in a column, showing each row's average value. The results table shows data for the live births that met your query criteria.

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Average Birth Weight (grams)

Calculates the average birth weight of the infant, The averages appear in a column, showing each row's average birth weight. The results table shows data for the live births that met your query criteria.

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Average Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI)

Calculates the average pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) value for mothers. The averages appear in a column, showing each row's average value. The results table shows data for the live births that met your query criteria.

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Average Number of Prenatal Visits

Calculates the average number of prenatal visits. The averages appear in a column, showing each row's average value. The results table shows data for the live births that met your query criteria.

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Average Interval Since Last Live Birth (months)

Calculates the average number of months between this live birth and the mother's preceding live birth. The averages appear in a column, showing each row's average value. The results table shows data for the live births that met your query criteria.

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Average Interval Since Last Other Pregnancy Outcome (months)

Calculates the average number of months between this live birth and the mother's preceding pregnancy outcome, other than live birth. The averages appear in a column, showing each row's average value. The results table shows data for the live births that met your query criteria.

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Standard Deviation

Calculates the standard deviation for the selected average measures. The results are calculated for the live births that met your query criteria.

Limit the population to specific locations here.

Notes:

• Alternately, you can leave the settings at the default values (the United States) and choose to organize or group the data results by State to show these stratifications.
• To include births to mothers residing in Puerto Rico, select the round button for "State or Territory of Residence" in section 2 on the Request Form tab.
• See Step 2a to select Urbanization and Metro/Nonmetro categories for mother's county of residence, in the classifications for 2006 and 2013. Note that areas in Puerto Rico are not currently included in the Urbanization or Metro/Nonmetro categories.

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Location

Limit your data request to specific locations here. You can select any number of locations.

The default settings are national data, the United States, for State of Residence, Census Regions, and HHS Regions. The State of Residence, Census Regions, and HHS Regions, and Urbanization options exclude births to mothers residing in Puerto Rico.

When the "State or Territory of Residence" button is selected, the default setting includes births to mothers residing in the the United States and Puerto Rico. The other options for Location and Urbanization exclude births to mothers residing in Puerto Rico.

Limit the population to specific locations here, as categorized for Metro/Nonmetro and urban-rural areas. Alternately, you can leave the settings at the default values (the United States) and choose to organize or group the data results by these fields to show these stratifications. Select Urbanization and Metro/Nonmetro categories for mother's county of residence, in the classifications for 2006 and 2013.

Note: Urbanization and Metro/Nonmetro categories for mother's residence do not include areas in Puerto Rico. Births to mother's residing in Puerto Rico are excuded from these categories.

Limit your data for any of the following data elements:

• Maternal Race in Single-Race categories:
  • 6 race categories - American Indian or Alaska Native (AIAN); Asian; Black or African American; More than one race; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (NHOPI); White.
  • 15 race categories - White; Black; American Indian or Alaska Native (AIAN); Asian Indian; Chinese; Filipino; Japanese; Korean; Vietnamese; Other Asian; Hawaiian; Guamanian; Samoan; Other Pacific Islander; More than one race.
  • 31 race categories - White; Black; American Indian or Alaskan Native (AIAN); Asian; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (NHOPI); Black and White; Black and AIAN; Black and Asian; Black and NHOPI; AIAN and White; AIAN and Asian; AIAN and NHOPI; Asian and White; Asian and NHOPI; NHOPI and White; Black, AIAN, and White; Black, AIAN, and Asian; Black, AIAN, and NHOPI; Black, Asian, and White; Black, Asian, and NHOPI; Black, NHOPI, and White; AIAN, Asian, and White; AIAN, NHOPI, and White; AIAN, Asian, and NHOPI; Asian, NHOPI, and White; Black, AIAN, Asian, and White; Black, AIAN, Asian, and NHOPI; Black, AIAN, NHOPI, and White; Black, Asian, NHOPI, and White; AIAN, Asian, NHOPI, and White; Black, AIAN, Asian, NHOPI, and White.
• Maternal Hispanic Origin
  • Hispanic origin categories - Hispanic or Latino; Not Hispanic or Latino; Origin unknown or not stated.
  • Expanded Hispanic origin categories - Mexican; Puerto Rican; Cuban; Dominican; Central or South American; Other and Unknown Hispanic; Non-Hispanic; Unknown or Not Stated.
• Marital Status - Married; Unmarried; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Available.
• Paternity Acknowledgment (if mother unmarried) - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Applicable; Not Reported.
• Age of Mother - under 15 years through over 50 years.
  Mother's age is available in the following sets of age groups:
  • 9 groups of 5-year increments: under 15 years; 15-19 years; 20-24 years; 25-29 years; 30-34 years; 35-39 years; 40-44 years; 45-49 years; 50 years and over.
  • 10 groups with categories for under 15 years; 15-17 years; 18-19 years; 5-year age increments for older mothers; 50 years and over.
  • 13 groups with categories for under 15 years; single-year age categories for 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19 year old mothers; 5-year age increments for older mothers; 50 years and over.
• Mother's Education - 8th grade or less; 9th through 12th grade with no diploma; High school graduate or GED completed; Some college credit, but not a degree; Associate degree (AA, AS); Bachelor's degree (BA, AB, BS); Master's degree (MA, MS); Doctorate (PHD, EdD) or Professional Degree (MD, DDS, DVM, LLB, JD); Unknown or Not Stated; Excluded.
• Mother's birth place:
  • Mother's Nativity - Born in the U.S. (50 US States); Born outside the U.S. (includes possessions); Unknown or Not Stated.
  • Mother's Birth Country - lists 294 options, from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe; Unknown or Not Stated.
  • Mother's Birth State - lists 72 options, for areas affiliated with the United States and Canada; Rest of the World; Not Classifiable.

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Hispanic Origin

This field indicates the selected parent's Hispanic origin. Data are available for the mother and the father.

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Parent's Race

Limit your data to the selected categories for the race of the selected parent. Data are available for the mother and the father. The default selection is all race groups. Three sets of race groups are available in the "expanded" Natality data for births occurring in 2016 and later years:

1. 6 race categories - American Indian or Alaska Native (AIAN); Asian; Black or African American; More than one race; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (NHOPI); White.
2. 15 race categories - White; Black; American Indian or Alaska Native (AIAN); Asian Indian; Chinese; Filipino; Japanese; Korean; Vietnamese; Other Asian; Hawaiian; Guamanian; Samoan; Other Pacific Islander; More than one race.
3. 31 race categories - White; Black; American Indian or Alaskan Native (AIAN); Asian; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (NHOPI); Black and White; Black and AIAN; Black and Asian; Black and NHOPI; AIAN and White; AIAN and Asian; AIAN and NHOPI; Asian and White; Asian and NHOPI; NHOPI and White; Black, AIAN, and White; Black, AIAN, and Asian; Black, AIAN, and NHOPI; Black, Asian, and White; Black, Asian, and NHOPI; Black, NHOPI, and White; AIAN, Asian, and White; AIAN, NHOPI, and White; AIAN, Asian, and NHOPI; Asian, NHOPI, and White; Black, AIAN, Asian, and White; Black, AIAN, Asian, and NHOPI; Black, AIAN, NHOPI, and White; Black, Asian, NHOPI, and White; AIAN, Asian, NHOPI, and White; Black, AIAN, Asian, NHOPI, and White.

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Marital Status

This field indicates the marital status of the mother as recorded on the birth certificate.

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Paternity Acknowledgment (if mother unmarried)

This field indicates whether Paternity Acknowledgment is recorded on the birth certificate, for mothers who are recorded as unmarried at the time of birth.

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Age of Mother

This field indicates the age group of the mother at the time of birth. Maternal age is available in following sets of age groups:

1. 9 groups with a category for under 15 years; 5-year increments for older mothers; and a category for age 50 and older.
2. 10 groups with a category for under 15 years; categories for 15-17 years; 18-19 years; 5-year age increments for older mothers; and a category for age 50 and older.
3. 13 groups with a category for under 15 years; single-year age categories for 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19 year old mothers; and 5-year age increments for older mothers; and a category for age 50 and older.

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Parent's Education

This field indicates a range for the number of years of education received by the parent at the time of birth. Data are available for both the mother and the father.

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Mother's Nativity

This field categorizes the place of mother's birth, into the following 3 groups: (1) Born in the U.S. (50 US States); (2) Born outside the U.S. (includes possessions); (3) Unknown or Not Stated.

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Mother's Birth Country

This field reports the place of mother's birth. The list includes 294 options, from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe; Unknown or Not Stated.

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Mother's Birth State

This field reports the state of mother's birth, for mothers born in the United States, US territories or possessions, or Canada. The list includes 72 options, including "Rest of the World" and "Not Classifiable."

Limit your data for any of the following data elements:

1. Paternal Race in Single-Race categories:
   • 6 race categories - American Indian or Alaska Native (AIAN); Asian; Black or African American; More than one race; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (NHOPI); White; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • 15 race categories - White; Black; American Indian or Alaska Native (AIAN); Asian Indian; Chinese; Filipino; Japanese; Korean; Vietnamese; Other Asian; Hawaiian; Guamanian; Samoan; Other Pacific Islander; More than one race; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • 31 race categories - White; Black; American Indian or Alaskan Native (AIAN); Asian; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (NHOPI); Black and White; Black and AIAN; Black and Asian; Black and NHOPI; AIAN and White; AIAN and Asian; AIAN and NHOPI; Asian and White; Asian and NHOPI; NHOPI and White; Black, AIAN, and White; Black, AIAN, and Asian; Black, AIAN, and NHOPI; Black, Asian, and White; Black, Asian, and NHOPI; Black, NHOPI, and White; AIAN, Asian, and White; AIAN, NHOPI, and White; AIAN, Asian, and NHOPI; Asian, NHOPI, and White; Black, AIAN, Asian, and White; Black, AIAN, Asian, and NHOPI; Black, AIAN, NHOPI, and White; Black, Asian, NHOPI, and White; AIAN, Asian, NHOPI, and White; Black, AIAN, Asian, NHOPI, and White; Unknown or Not Stated.
2. Father's Hispanic Origin
   • Hispanic origin categories - Hispanic or Latino; Not Hispanic or Latino; Origin unknown or not stated.
   • Expanded Hispanic origin categories - Mexican; Puerto Rican; Cuban; Central or South American; Dominican; Other and Unknown Hispanic; Non-Hispanic; Unknown or Not Stated.
3. Father's Education - 8th grade or less; 9th through 12th grade with no diploma; High school graduate or GED completed; Some college credit, but not a degree; Associate degree (AA, AS); Bachelor's degree (BA, AB, BS); Master's degree (MA, MS); Doctorate (PHD, EdD) or Professional Degree (MD, DDS, DVM, LLB, JD); Unknown or Not Stated.
4. Age of Father - 11 groups of 5-year increments: under 15 years; 15-19 years; 20-24 years; 25-29 years; 30-34 years; 35-39 years; 40-44 years; 45-49 years; 50-54 years, 55-98 years; Unknown or Not Stated.

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Age of Father

This field indicates the age group of the mother at the time of birth. Paternal age is available in 11 age groups of 5-year increments, and Unknown or Not Stated.

Limit your data for any of the following data elements:

1. Prior pregnancies - timing:
   • Interval Since Last Live Birth - 11 categories: Zero to 3 months (plural delivery); 4 to 11 months; 12 to 17 months; 18 to 23 months; 24 to 35 months; 36 to 47 months; 48 to 59 months; 60 to 71 months; 72 months and over; Not Applicable (1st live birth); Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Interval Since Last Other Pregnancy Outcome - 11 categories: Zero to 3 months (plural delivery); 4 to 11 months; 12 to 17 months; 18 to 23 months; 24 to 35 months; 36 to 47 months; 48 to 59 months; 60 to 71 months; 72 months and over; Not Applicable (1st natality event); Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Interval of Last Pregnancy - 11 categories: Zero to 3 months (plural delivery); 4 to 11 months; 12 to 17 months; 18 to 23 months; 24 to 35 months; 36 to 47 months; 48 to 59 months; 60 to 71 months; 72 months and over; Not Applicable (no previous pregnancy); Unknown or Not Stated.
2. Prior pregnancy outcomes:
   • Prior Births Now Living - 13 categories: Zero through ten births in 1 birth increments (0,1,2... 10); 11 or more (11); Unknown or Not Stated (99).
   • Prior Births Now Dead - 5 categories: Zero through two births in 1 birth increments (0,1,2); 3 or more (3); Unknown or Not Stated (99).
   • Prior Other Pregnancy Outcomes - 8 categories: Zero through five pregnancies in single increments (0,1,2... 5); 6 or more (6); Unknown or Not Stated (99).
3. Birth order:
   • Live Birth Order - 9 categories: One child born alive to mother through seven live births; 8 or more; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Total Birth Order - 9 categories: One child born alive to mother through seven live births; 8 or more; Unknown or Not Stated.
4. Prenatal care:
   • Number of Prenatal Visits - 100 categories: Zero through 98 prenatal visits; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Number of Prenatal Visits Recode - 12 categories: No visits; 1 to 2 visits; 3 to 4 visits; 5 to 6 visits; 7 to 8 visits; 9 to 10 visits; 11 to 12 visits; 13 to 14 visits; 15 to 16 visits; 17 to 18 visits; 19 or more visits; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Month Maternal Prenatal Care Began - 12 categories: No prenatal care; 1st month through 10th month; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Trimester Prenatal Care Began - 6 categories: 1st to 3rd month; 4th to 6th month; 7th to final month; No prenatal care; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Reported.
5. WIC - 3 categories for enrollment in Women, Infants, and Children supplemental nutrition program: Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
6. Obstetric procedures:
   • Successful External Cephalic Version - 3 categories for outcome of procedure to turn non-vertex fetal position to vertex by external manipulation: Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Failed External Cephalic Version - 3 categories for outcome of procedure to turn non-vertex fetal position to vertex by external manipulation: Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.

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Interval Since Last Live Birth

This field reports the time elapsed since the mother's last live birth, in eleven categories of months, ranging from zero (plural delivery) through 72 months and over, and including Not Applicable (1st live birth); Unknown or Not Stated.

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Interval Since Last Other Pregnancy Outcome

This field reports the time elapsed since the mother's last pregnancy outcome (for outcomes other than live birth), in eleven categories of months, ranging from zero (plural delivery) through 72 months and over, and including Not Applicable (1st natality event); Unknown or Not Stated.

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Interval of Last Pregnancy

This field reports the time elapsed since the mother's last pregnancy, in eleven categories of months, ranging from zero (plural delivery) through 72 months and over, and including Not Applicable (no previous pregnancy); Unknown or Not Stated.

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Prior Pregnancy Outcomes

Three fields report information on the number of prior pregnancy outcomes.

1. Prior Births Now Living - 13 categories: Zero through ten births in 1 birth increments (0,1,2... 10); 11 or more (11); Unknown or Not Stated (99).
2. Prior Births Now Dead - 5 categories: Zero through two births in 1 birth increments (0,1,2); 3 or more (3); Unknown or Not Stated (99).
3. Prior Other Pregnancy Outcomes - 8 categories: Zero through five pregnancies in single increments (0,1,2... 5); 6 or more (6); Unknown or Not Stated (99).

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Live Birth Order

This field indicates the mother's total number of live births, including this birth. The categories range from one through seven live births; 8 or more; Unknown or Not Stated.

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Total Birth Order

This field indicates the mother's total number of births, including this birth and stillbirths. The categories range from one through seven births; 8 or more; Unknown or Not Stated.

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WIC

This field indicates whether the mother received food for herself from the Women, Infants & Children (WIC) because she was pregnant with this child supplemental nutrition program because she was pregnant with this child. Data are reported in three categories: Yes (1); No (2); Unknown or Not Stated (9).

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Successful External Cephalic Version

This field indicates the successful outcome of a procedure to turn non-vertex fetal position to vertex by external manipulation, in three categories: Yes (1); No (2); Unknown or Not Stated (9).

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Failed External Cephalic Version

This field indicates the failed outcome of a procedure to turn non-vertex fetal position to vertex by external manipulation, in three categories: Yes (1); No (2); Unknown or Not Stated (9).

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Prenatal Care

Data are available for prenatal care in 4 fields (codes shown in parenthesis before labels below):

1. Number of Prenatal Visits - 100 categories: (0-98) single increments from zero through 98 prenatal visits; (99) Unknown or Not Stated.
2. Number of Prenatal Visits Recode - 12 categories: (1) No visits; (2) 1 to 2 visits; (3) 3 to 4 visits; (4) 5 to 6 visits; (5) 7 to 8 visits; (6) 9 to 10 visits; (7) 11 to 12 visits; (8) 13 to 14 visits; (9) 15 to 16 visits; (10) 17 to 18 visits; (11) 19 or more visits; (12) Unknown or Not Stated.
3. Month Maternal Prenatal Care Began - 12 categories: No prenatal care; 1st month through 10th month; (99) Unknown or Not Stated.
4. Trimester Prenatal Care Began - 6 categories: (1) 1st to 3rd month; (2) 4th to 6th month; (3) 7th to final month; (4) No prenatal care; (5) Unknown or Not Stated; (100) Not Reported.

Notes:   

• When you group results by the categories for prenatal care data in section 1 on the Request Form tab, you must also select the round button to show the list of desired data categories in section 5.
• When you export the results of your data request, the labels and the codes are in separate columns.

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Month Prenatal Care Began

This field indicates the month in the pregnancy when prenatal care began.

Notes:   

• When you export the results of your data request, the labels and the codes are in separate columns.

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	Code	Label
	"0"	No prenatal care
	"1"	1st month
	"2"	2nd month
	"3"	3rd month
	"4"	4th month
	"5"	5th month
	"6"	6th month
	"7"	7th month
	"8"	8th month
	"9"	9th month
	"10"	10th month
	"99"	Unknown or Not stated

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Limit your data for any of the following data elements:

1. Mother's height and weight:
   • Mother's Height in Inches - 19 categories: Under 57 inches (57); single inch increments from 57 - 72 inches (57, 58, 59... 72); 73 or more inches (73); Unknown or Not Stated (99).
   • Mother's Pre-pregnancy Weight - 7 categories in 50 pound increments: 75 - 124 lbs; 125 - 174 lbs; 175 - 224 lbs; 225 - 274 lbs; 275 - 324 lbs; 325 - 375 lbs; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Mother's Pre-pregnancy BMI - 7 categories for Body Mass Index: Underweight <18.5; Normal 18.5-24.9; Overweight 25.0-29.9; Obesity I 30.0-34.9; Obesity II 35.0-39.9; Extreme Obesity III >39.9; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Mother's Delivery Weight - 7 categories in 50 pound increments: 100 - 149 lbs; 150 - 199 lbs; 200 - 249 lbs; 250 - 299 lbs; 300 - 349 lbs; 350 - 400 lbs; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Mother's Weight Gain Recode - 6 categories: Less than 11 pounds; 11 to 20 pounds; 21 to 30 pounds; 31 to 40 pounds; 41 to 98 pounds; Unknown or Not Stated.
2. Tobacco use during pregnancy - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
3. Cigarette consumption:
   • Number of Cigarettes Before Pregnancy in the 3 months prior to conception - 100 categories in single cigarette increments: 0 cigarettes daily through 97 cigarettes daily; 98 or more; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Number of Cigarettes Before Pregnancy Recode in the 3 months prior to conception - 7 categories for number of cigarettes consumed daily: Nonsmoker; 1-5; 6-10; 11-20; 21-40; 41 or more; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Number of Cigarettes 1st Trimester - 100 categories in single cigarette increments: 0 cigarettes daily through 97 cigarettes daily; 98 or more; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Number of Cigarettes 1st Trimester Recode - 7 categories for number of cigarettes consumed daily: Nonsmoker; 1-5; 6-10; 11-20; 21-40; 41 or more; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Number of Cigarettes 2nd Trimester - 100 categories in single cigarette increments: 0 cigarettes daily through 97 cigarettes daily; 98 or more; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Number of Cigarettes 2nd Trimester Recode - 7 categories for number of cigarettes consumed daily: Nonsmoker; 1-5; 6-10; 11-20; 21-40; 41 or more; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Number of Cigarettes 3rd Trimester - 100 categories in single cigarette increments: 0 cigarettes daily through 97 cigarettes daily; 98 or more; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Number of Cigarettes 3rd Trimester Recode - 7 categories for number of cigarettes consumed daily: Nonsmoker; 1-5; 6-10; 11-20; 21-40; 41 or more; Unknown or Not Stated.

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Tobacco use during pregnancy

This field indicates whether tobacco use was reported during the pregnancy, in three categories: Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.

Limit your data for any of the following data elements:

1. Pregnancy related conditions:
   • Gestational Diabetes - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Gestational Hypertension - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Eclampsia - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Reported.
2. Prior conditions:
   • Pre-pregnancy Diabetes - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Pre-pregnancy Hypertension - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
3. Prior deliveries:
   • Previous Pre-term Birth - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Previous Cesarean Delivery - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Number of Previous Cesareans - 7 categories: zero through 3 previous cesareans in single increments (0,1,2... 3); 4 or more previous cesareans (4); Unknown or Not Stated (99).
4. Fertility assistance:
   • Infertility Treatment Used - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Fertility Enhancing Drugs - Yes; No; Not Applicable; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Assistive Reproductive Technology - Yes; No; Not Applicable; Unknown or Not Stated; Not applicable; Not Reported.
5. Risk Factors Checked - At least one checked; None checked; Unknown or Not Stated.
   This field indicates whether any pregnancy risk factors were reported. Selecting "None checked" excludes all records with any pregnancy risk factors.

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Diabetes

This field indicates whether Diabetes is reported as a maternal risk factor. Gestational Diabetes and Pre-pregnancy Diabetes are reported in separate fields.

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Hypertension Disease

This field indicates whether Hypertension Disease is reported as a maternal risk factor. Gestational Hypertension and Pre-pregnancy Hypertension are reported in separate fields. Hypertension is defined as the elevation of blood pressure above normal for age, sex, and physiological condition. Gestational Hypertension reports whether a diagnosis occurred in this pregnancy of pregnancy-induced Hypertension or preeclampsia). Prepregnancy (chronic) Hypertension reports a diagnosis prior to the onset of this pregnancy, and does not include gestational (pregnancy-induced hypertension [PIH]). For more information, please refer to the Guidebook for completing the certificate of live birth.

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Eclampsia

This field indicates whether Eclampsia is reported as a maternal risk factor.

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Previous Preterm Birth

This field indicates whether previous preterm birth is reported as a maternal risk factor.

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Previous Cesarean Delivery

This field indicates whether previous cesarean delivery is reported as a maternal risk factor.

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Number of Previous Cesareans

This field indicates the number of previous cesarean deliveries reported as a maternal risk factor.

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Infertility Treatment Used

This field indicates whether the use of infertility treatment is reported as a maternal risk factor.

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Assistive Reproductive Technology

This field indicates whether Assistive Reproductive Technology is reported as a maternal risk factor.

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Fertility Enhancing Drugs

This field indicates whether the use of fertility enhancing drugs is reported as a maternal risk factor.

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Risk Factors Checked

This field indicates whether any pregnancy risk factors were reported for 1) diabetes (pre-pregnancy or gestational); 2) hypertension (pre-pregnancy or gestational); 3) eclampsia; 4) previous preterm births; 5) pregnancy resulted from infertility treatment; and 6) mother had a previous cesarean delivery. For more information, refer to page 66 in the NCHS guide to 2017 birth records data.

Limit your data for any of the following data elements:

1. Gonorrhea - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
2. Syphilis - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
3. Chlamydia - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
4. Hepatitis B - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
5. Hepatitis C - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
6. Infections Checked - At least one checked; None checked; Unknown or Not Stated.
   This field indicates whether any of the above maternal infections were reported. Selecting "None checked" excludes all records with any of the above reported infections.
   

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Infections Checked

This field indicates whether any maternal infections for Gonorrhea, Syphilis, Chlamydia, Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C were reported. Selecting "None checked" excludes all records with any of the above infections. For more information, refer to page 67 in the NCHS guide to 2017 birth records data.

Limit your data for any of the following data elements:

1. Induction of Labor - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
2. Augmentation of Labor - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
3. Steroids (glucocorticoids) for fetal lung maturation received by the mother before delivery - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
4. Antibiotics for Mother during labor - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
5. Chorioamnionitis clinical chorioamnionitis or maternal temperature >= 38 degrees Celsius (100.4 degrees Fahrenheit) - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
6. Anesthesia epidural or spinal anesthesia during labor - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
7. Characteristics of Labor Checked - At least one checked; None checked; Unknown or Not Stated.
   This field indicates whether any labor characteristics noted above was reported. Selecting "None checked" excludes all records with any of the above labor characteristics.

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Characteristics of Labor Checked

This field indicates whether any labor characteristics were reported for induction or augmentation of labor, maternal steroids (glucocorticoids) for fetal lung maturation received by the mother before delivery, or antibiotics, chorioamnionitis or anesthesia. Selecting "None checked" excludes all records with any of the above labor characteristics. For more information, refer to page 60 in the NCHS guide to 2017 birth records data.

Limit your data for any of the following data elements:

1. When:
   • Year - 2023 for final natality data from birth records. 2024 for provisional natality data from birth records.
     (final data are available for preceding years at Births).
   • Month - January-December.
   • Weekday - Weekend(1); Weekday(2).
   • Time of Day - 10 categories: 00:00 - 02:29; 03:00 - 05:59; 06:00 - 08:59; 09:00 - 11:59; 12:00 - 14:59; 15:00 - 17:59; 18:00 - 20:59; 21:00 - 23:59; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Reported.
2. Where:
   • Birthplace - 9 categories: Hospital; Freestanding Birth Center; Home (intended); Home (not intended); Home (unknown if intended); Clinic / Doctor's Office; Other; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Reported.
   • Birthplace Recode 6 - 6 categories: Hospital; Freestanding Birth Center; Residence; Clinic / Doctor's Office; Other; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Birthplace Recode 3 - 3 categories: Hospital; Not in Hospital; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Mother Transferred - - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
3. Medical Attendant - Doctor of Medicine (MD); Doctor of Osteopathy (DO); Certified Nurse Midwife (CNM / CM); Other Midwife; Other; Unknown or Not Stated.
4. How:
   • Fetal Presentation - Cephalic; Breech; Other; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Final Route and Method of Delivery - Spontaneous; Forceps; Vacuum; Cesarean; Unknown or Not Stated, Not Reported.
   • Delivery Method Expanded - 8 categories: Vaginal (excludes vaginal after previous C-section); Vaginal after previous c-section; Primary C-section; Repeat C-section; Vaginal (unknown if previous c-section); C-section (unknown if previous c-section); Unknown or Not Stated; Not Reported.
   • Delivery Method - 3 categories: Vaginal; Cesarean; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Trial of Labor Attempted (if cesarean) Yes; No; Not Applicable; Unknown or Not Stated.
5. Payment:
   • Source of Payment for Delivery - 5 categories: Medicaid; Private Insurance; Self Pay; Other; Unknown or Not Stated.

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Year of Birth

Pick any combination of years desired.

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Month

This field indicates month of birth.

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Weekday

This field indicates whether the birth occurred on a weekend (Saturday or Sunday) or weekday (Monday through Friday).

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Time Of Day

This field indicates the time of birth in 3 hour time period increments in a 24 hour day, and categories for Unknown or Not Stated, and Not Reported.

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Birthplace

This field indicates the place of birth. Birthplace data are available in 3 lists of categories. The code values are listed in parenthesis after the category labels below.

1. Birthplace - 9 categories:
   Hospital (1); Freestanding Birth Center (2); Home (intended) (3); Home (not intended) (4); Home (unknown if intended) (5); Clinic / Doctor's Office (6); Other (7); Unknown or Not Stated (9); Not Reported (10).
2. Birthplace Recode 6 - 6 categories:
   Hospital (1); Freestanding Birth Center (2); Clinic / Doctor's Office (3); Residence (4); Other (5) Unknown or Not Stated (9).
3. Birthplace Recode 3 - 3 categories:
   Hospital (1); Not in Hospital (2); Unknown or Not Stated (3).

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Mother Transferred

This field indicates whether the mother was transferred.

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Medical Attendant

This field indicates the attendant at the time of birth.

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Fetal Presentation

This field reports the baby's presentation at birth, in five categories: Cephalic; Breech; Other; Unknown or Not Stated, or Not Reported.

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Final Route and Method of Delivery

This field reports the final route and method of delivery in six categories: Spontaneous, Forceps, Vacuum, Cesarean, Unknown or Not Stated, Not Reported.

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Delivery Method

This field indicates whether the baby was born by Cesarean section or vaginal birth.

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Delivery Method Expanded

This field reports the method of delivery in eight categories.

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Trial of Labor Attempted (if cesarean)

This field reports if babies born by cesarean delivery attempted labor, in four categories: Yes; No; Not Applicable; Unknown or Not Stated.

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Source of Payment for Delivery

This field reports the source of payment for delivery (code values shown inside parenthesis after each category label):

• Source of Payment for Delivery - 5 categories: Medicaid (1); Private Insurance (2); Self Pay (3); Other (4); Unknown or Not Stated (9).

Limit your data for any of the following data elements:

1. Maternal Transfusion - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
2. Third or Fourth Degree Perineal Laceration - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
3. Ruptured Uterus - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
4. Unplanned Hysterectomy - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
5. Admission to Intensive Care Unit - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
6. Maternal Morbidity Checked - At least one checked; None checked; Unknown or Not Stated.
   This field indicates whether any maternal morbidity above was reported. Selecting "None checked" excludes all records with any of the above maternal morbidity.
   

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Maternal Morbidity Checked

This field indicates whether any maternal morbidity attributes were reported for Maternal Transfusion, Third or Fourth Degree Perineal Laceration, Ruptured Uterus, Unplanned Hysterectomy, or Admission to Intensive Care Unit. Selecting "None checked" excludes all records with any maternal morbidity attributes checked. For more information, refer to page 67 in the NCHS guide to 2017 birth records data.

Limit your data for any of the following data elements:

1. Gender (Sex) of Child - Female; Male.
2. Birth Weight
   Infant's weight at birth is available in 3 sets of categories, through 8165 grams, or Not stated:
   • 12 groups in 500 gram increments;
   • 14 groups in 250 gram increments;
   • 100 gram increments.
3. Multiple Births
   • Plurality or Multiple Birth - Single; Twin; Triplet or more.
   • Set Order - 1st; 2nd; 3rd or higher; Unknown or Not Stated.
4. Gestational Age at Birth
   Gestational age groups are available in 3 sets of categories, representing the duration of the pregnancy at the time of birth, based on Last Menstrual Period (LMP) or Obstetric Estimate (OE):
   • 10 age groups: Under 20 weeks; 20-27 weeks; 28-31 weeks; 32-35 weeks; 36 weeks; 37-39 weeks; 40 weeks; 41 weeks; 42 weeks or more; Unknown.
   • 11 age groups: Under 20 weeks; 20-27 weeks; 28-31 weeks; 32-33 weeks; 34-36 weeks; 37-38 weeks; 39 weeks, 40 weeks; 41 weeks; 42 or more weeks; Unknown.
   • Weekly age groups: 17 weeks through 47 weeks; Unknown.
5. APGAR scores
   APGAR scores are available for 5 minutes and 10 minutes after birth, in single increments or recoded into 5 categories:
   • Single increments of 0 - 10; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Applicable.
   • Recoded categories - A score of 0-3; A score of 4-6; A score of 7-8; A score of 9-10; Unknown or Not Stated.
   Note that 10 minute APGARS scores are categorized as "Not Applicable" when the 5 minute score was 6 or higher, and reported as "Unknown or Not Stated" in the recoded categories.
6. Infant Breastfed at Discharge? - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Reported.
7. Infant Transferred? - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
8. Infant Living at Time of Report? - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.

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Infant Birth Weight

The Infant Birth Weight field indicates weight ranges for the infant at birth. The infant's weight at birth is available in 3 sets of categories, through 8165 grams, or Not stated:

• 12 groups in 500 gram increments;
• 14 groups in 250 gram increments;
• 100 gram increments.

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Gestational Age at Birth

Select a range of weeks that represents the duration of the pregnancy at the time of birth.

NOTE: Beginning in 2014 NCHS changed the standard for gestational period from the Last Menstrual Period (LMP) based gestational age to the Obstetric/clinical Estimate (OE) based gestational age. Obstetric/clinical Estimate (OE) based gestational age groups are available for years 2007 and later in WONDER since February 2016. Refer to Measuring Gestational Age in Vital Statistics Data: Transitioning to the Obstetric Estimate for more information.

Births data are organized in three groupings:

1. Gestational Age with 10 age groups Under 20 weeks; 20-27 weeks; 28-31 weeks; 32-35 weeks; 36 weeks; 37-39 weeks; 40 weeks; 41 weeks; 42 weeks or more; Unknown.
2. Gestational Age with 11 age groups Under 20 weeks; 20-27 weeks; 28-31 weeks; 32-33 weeks; 34-36 weeks; 37-38 weeks; 39 weeks; 40 weeks; 41 weeks; 42 or more weeks; Unknown.
3. Gestational Age - Weekly:  17 weeks; 18 weeks; 19 weeks; 20 weeks; 21 weeks; 22 weeks; 23 weeks; 24 weeks; 25 weeks; 26 weeks; 27 weeks; 28 weeks; 29 weeks; 30 weeks; 31 weeks; 32 weeks; 33 weeks; 34 weeks; 35 weeks; 36 weeks; 37 weeks; 38 weeks; 39 weeks; 40 weeks; 41 weeks; 42 weeks; 43 weeks; 44 weeks; 45 weeks; 46 weeks; 47 weeks; Unknown.

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Sex of Infant

This field indicates the sex of the child as recorded on the birth certificate.

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Plurality or Multiple Birth

The Plurality field indicates if more than one infant shared the gestation and birth.

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Set Order

The Set Order field indicates the order of birth for each infant, when more than one infant shared the gestation and birth. The values fall into the following four categories: 1st; 2nd; 3rd or higher; Unknown or Not Stated. Single births are categorized as Unknown or Not Stated.

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APGAR scores

Data for infant APGAR scores are available in four data fields. APGAR scores are available for 5 minutes and 10 minutes after birth, in single increments or recoded into 5 categories:

• Single increments of 0 - 10; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Applicable.
• Recoded categories - A score of 0-3; A score of 4-6; A score of 7-8; A score of 9-10; Unknown or Not Stated.

Note that 10 minute APGARS scores are categorized as "Not Applicable" when the 5 minute score was 6 or higher, and reported as "Unknown or Not Stated" in the recoded categories.

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Infant Transferred

The Infant Transferred field indicates whether the infant was transferred, in three categories: Yes, No, Unknown or Not Stated.

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Infant Living at Time of Report

This field indicates whether the infant was alive when the birth certificate data was reported, in three categories: Yes, No, Unknown or Not Stated.

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Infant Breastfed at Discharge

This field indicates whether the infant was receiving breastmilk or colostrum during the period between birth and discharge from the hospital, in four categories: Yes, No, Unknown or Not Stated; Not Reported.

Limit your data for any of the following data elements:

1. Assisted Ventilation - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
   Assisted Ventilation data are available in 2 fields,
   1) Assisted ventilation required immediately following delivery; and
   2) Assisted ventilation required for more than six hours.
2. NICU Admission - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
3. Surfactant Replacement Therapy - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
4. Antibiotics for Suspected Neonatal Sepsis - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
5. Seizures - Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
6. Abnormal Conditions Checked - At least one checked; None checked; Unknown or Not Stated.
   This field indicates whether any of the abnormal conditions noted above was reported for the newborn. Selecting "None checked" excludes all records with any of the above abnormal conditions.

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Abnormal Conditions Checked

This field indicates whether any abnormal conditions was reported for the newborn for Assisted Ventilation, NICU Admission, Surfactant Replacement Therapy, Antibiotics for Suspected Neonatal Sepsis, or Seizures or serious neurologic dysfunction. Selecting "None checked" excludes all records with any attributes checked for newborn abnormal conditions. For more information, see page 70 in the NCHS guide for 2017 births data.

Limit your data for any of the following data elements:

1. Anencephaly Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
2. Cleft Palate Alone Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
3. Cleft Lip with or without Cleft Palate Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
4. Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
5. Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
6. Omphalocele Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
7. Gastroschisis Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
8. Hypospadias Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
9. Meningomyelocele / Spina Bifida Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
10. Limb Reduction Defect Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
11. Down Syndrome Confirmed; Pending; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
12. Suspected Chromosomal Disorder Confirmed; Pending; No; Unknown or Not Stated.
13. Congenital Anomalies Checked - At least one checked; None checked; Unknown or Not Stated.
    This field indicates whether any congenital anomalies noted above was reported. Selecting "None checked" excludes all records with any of the above congenital anomalies.

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Congenital Anomalies Checked

This field indicates whether any congenital anomalies was reported in 2003 revision of the standard certificate of birth for 1) anencephaly; 2) meningomyelocele/spina bifida; 3) cyanotic congenital heart disease; 4) congenital diaphragmatic hernia; 5) omphalocele; 6) gastroschisis; 7) limb reduction defect; 8) cleft lip with or without cleft palate; 9) cleft palate alone; 10) Down syndrome; 11) suspected chromosomal disorder; and 12) hypospadias. If the item is not completed (i.e. none of the boxes are checked in the birth certificate), then it is classified as "Not stated." Data for the congenital anomaly "Hypospadias" are edited to exclude this condition where the infant is a female. For more information, see page 70 in the NCHS guide for 2017 births data.

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