Warning:

This document is being maintained for historical purposes, but is now out of date. To view current guidelines please visit:

• HIV/AIDS Guidelines and Recommendations   at http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/guidelines/index.html

---

Guidelines for Health Education and Risk Reduction Activities

April 1995
                
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Atlanta, Georgia

*****************************************************************************

                Behavioral Risk Factors and Groups at Risk

Aral SO, Soskoline V, Joesoef RM, O'Reilly KR. Sex Partner Recruitment as
Risk Factor for STD:  Clustering of Risky Modes.  Sexually Transmitted
Diseases 1991;18(1):10-17.

Cates W.  Teenagers and Sexual Risk Taking:  The Best of Times and the
Worst of Times.  Journal of Adolescent Health 1991;12(2):84-94.

Cooper F, Bye L.  AIDS Education Programs for Teenagers:  Factors that
Influence Behavior Change.  Educator 1989;Summer:4-8.

Dawson DA, Hardy AM.   National Center for Health Statistics. AIDS
Knowledge and Attitudes of Hispanic Americans:  Provisional Data From the
1988 National Health Interview Survey. Advance Data,  Washington, DC: US
Department of Health and Human Services, 1989;No.166.

DesJarlais DC, Friedman SR. The Psychology of Preventing AIDS Among
Intravenous Drug Users, A Social Learning Conceptualization.  American
Psychologist 1988;43(11):865-870.

Kegeles SM, Adler NE, Irwin Jr. CE. Adolescents and Condoms: Associations
of Beliefs With Intentions to Use.  American Journal of Diseases of
Children 1989;143:911-915.

Kelly JA et al. Situational Factors Associated with AIDS Risk Behavior
Lapses and Coping Strategies Used by Gay Men Who Successfully Avoid Lapses. 
American Journal of Public Health 1991;81:1335.

Magura S et al. Correlates of Participation in AIDS Education and HIV
Antibody Testing by Methadone Patients.  Public Health Reports 1989;104(3):
231-240.

Magura S et al. Determinants of Needle Sharing Among Intravenous Drug
Users.  American Journal of Public Health 1989;79(4):459-461.

Marin G, Van Oss Marin B. Perceived Credibility of Channels and Sources of
AIDS Information Among Hispanics.  AIDS Education and Prevention 1990;2(2):
154-161.

Marx, R et al. Crack, Sex, and STD.  Sexually Transmitted Diseases
1991;18(2):92-101.

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Report of the NIAID
Study Group on Integrated Behavioral Research for Prevention and Control of
Sexually Transmitted Diseases.  Sexually Transmitted Diseases
1990;17(4):200-210.

National Institute on Drug Abuse. Community-Based AIDS Prevention:  Studies
of Intravenous Drug Users and Their Sexual Partners. Rockville, MD: U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services, 1991.

Rickert VI, Jay MS, Gottlieb A. Effects of a Peer-Counseled AIDS Education
Program on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Satisfaction of Adolescents. Journal
of Adolescent Health 1991; 12(1):38-43.

Rotheram-Borus MJ, Koopman C.  Sexual Risk Behaviors, AIDS Knowledge, and
Beliefs About AIDS Among Runaways.  American Journal of Public Health
1991;81(2):208-210.

Rotheram-Borus MJ, Koopman C, Haignere C, Davies M.  Reducing HIV Sexual
Risk Behaviors Among Runaway Adolescents.  Journal of the American Medical
Association 1991;266(9):1237-1241.

Stall RD et al.  Behavioral Risk-reduction for HIV Infection Among Gay and
Bisexual Men:  A Review of Results From the United States.  American
Psychologist 1988;43(11):878-885.

Sullivan C.  Pathways to Infection: AIDS Vulnerability Among the Navaho. 
AIDS 1991;3:241.

Valdiserri RO, Arena VC, Proctor D, Bonati FA.  The Relationship Between
Women's Attitudes About Condoms and Their Use: Implications for Condom
Promotion Programs.  American Journal of Public Health 1989;79(4):499-501.

de Zalduondo BO.  Prostitution Viewed Cross-Culturally:  Toward
Recontextualizing Sex Work in AIDS Intervention Research.  Journal of Sex
Research 1991;28(2):223-248. 

Zimet GD et al. Adolescent's Knowledge and Beliefs About AIDS: Did the
Government Brochure Help?  American Journal of Diseases of Children
1989;143(5):518.

---