Fetal Deaths (Expanded)

How?    See How do I organize my data? for more information.

Hints:   

1. To make a map, select a location variable, such as region or state, in the Group Results By list in section 1 on the Request Form tab. After the results for the query display, then click the Map tab.
2. To make a chart, select one or two options in the Group Results By lists in section 1 on the Request Form tab. After the results for the query display, then click the Chart tab. When a query groups results by more than two By-Variables, charts are not available.

• Please note that the Percent of Total calculated by CDC WONDER may not be consistent with percentages published by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). NCHS excludes unknowns (also "not stated," "not on certificate," "excluded," and "not reported") from the denominator when calculating percentages.
• If you wish to drop the unknown categories from your query criteria, then you should specifically select the categories you wish to include in your query. Please note that "All" options include the unknown values.

1. Click the round button to choose between Regions (two types of regions, both include states) or States.
2. See How do I use a Finder? for hints on how to search for and select your desired locations.
   • The default value is all locations (the United States).
   • See Finder Tool help for more hints.

1. Click the Radio Button above the box, to pick your preferred list.
2. See "How do I select items from the list box?," to limit your data to selected categories in the list.

Notes:  

• Urbanization and Metro/Nonmetro categories are "Not Available" for fetal deaths before 2021.
• These categories are from the 2006 or 2013 NCHS Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties.
• See the NCHS Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties web page for more information about the Urbanization categories.
• The large central metro category contains counties in metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) of one million or more population that have been identified by NCHS classification rules as central because they contain all or part of a principal city of the area. The large fringe metro category contains the remaining counties (similar to suburbs) in MSAs of one million or more. Counties in MSAs of 250,000 to 999,999 population are assigned to the medium metro category and counties in MSAs with populations under 250,000 are assigned to the small metro category. Nonmetropolitan counties that are designated by the Office of Management and Budget as belonging to a micropolitan statistical area are assigned to the micropolitan category and the remaining nonmetropolitan counties are assigned to the noncore category. The large central metro category is the most "urban" category and the noncore category is the most "rural" category.
• To understand how the classification schemes were developed, see:
  • NCHS Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties
  • 2013 NCHS Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties
• Most counties are in the same urbanization category for both the 2013 and 2006 schemes. However, for those counties whose category differs in the two schemes, some moved from a less urban to a more urban category, while others moved from a more urban category to a less urban category. For more information, see "Changes in county urbanization category:  2013 scheme versus 2006 scheme" in the report, 2013 NCHS Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties.
• It is recommended that the micropolitan category not be aggregated with metropolitan categories.
• The Urbanization categories are identified by two columns, labels and codes, in data extracts.

Urbanization

Use the radio buttons to select either the 2006 or the 2013 NCHS Urban-Rural Scheme for Counties. Select All Categories or any combination of Urbanization values:  Large Central Metro, Large Fringe Metro, Medium Metro, Small Metro, Micropolitan (non-metro), NonCore (non-metro). Each county is assigned to one of these six categories.

Each fetal death in 2021 is associated with a category based on the county of the mother's legal residence. Urbanization categories are "Not Available" for fetal deaths in the years before 2021.

See Step 2.a for more information on how to select categories and notes on how these categories are defined.

Metro/Nonmetro

The Metro/Nonmetro list allows you to easily compare metropolitan and rural areas. The Metro group includes counties in these Urbanization categories: Large Central Metro, Large Fringe Metro, Medium Metro, and Small Metro. The Nonmetro group includes counties in these Urbanization categories: Micropolitan (non-metro) and NonCore (non-metro). Each county is assigned to one of these six categories.

Each fetal death in 2021 is associated with a category based on the county of the mother's legal residence. The Metro/Nonmetro category is "Not Available" for fetal deaths in the years before 2021.

See Step 2.a for more information on how to select categories and notes on how categories are defined.

• See How do I select items from the list box?.
• Click a round button to switch between the lists for maternal age, race and Hispanic origin.

1. Click a round button to switch between the lists for Mother's Hispanic origin.
2. See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• The following acronyms in the category labels are disambiguated as follows:
  American Indian or Alaskan Native (AIAN);
  Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (NHOPI).
• Not Available:
  • Expanded Hispanic Origin data are available beginning in 2019. For prior years 2014-2018, Expanded Hispanic Origin data are not available. For years 2014-2018, please see the Mother's Hispanic Origin data, which includes all of the same categories except for Dominican, which was formerly included within the Other and unknown category.
  • Mother's Bridged Race/Hispanic Origin data are available for years 2005-2018, and categorized as Not Available beginning in year 2019.
• Public Health Information Network (PHIN) compatible codes are used when applicable.
• When you export the results of your data request, the labels and the codes are in separate columns.
  

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  Mother's Hispanic Origin groups:
  	Code	Label
  	"0"	Non-Hispanic
  	"2148-5"	Mexican
  	"2180-8"	Puerto Rican
  	"2182-4"	Cuban
  	"4"	Central or South American
  	"5"	Other and Unknown Hispanic
  	"9"	Unknown or Not Stated
  	"100"	Not Reported

  ---

  
  

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  Mother's Single Race/Hispanic Origin:
  	Code	Label
  	"1"	Non-Hispanic White (alone)
  	"2"	Non-Hispanic Black (alone)
  	"3"	Non-Hispanic AIAN (alone)
  	"4"	Non-Hispanic Asian (alone)
  	"5"	Non-Hispanic NHOPI (alone)
  	"6"	Non-Hispanic more than one race
  	"7"	Hispanic
  	"8"	Unknown or not stated
  	"100"	Not Reported

  ---

  
  

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  Mother's Bridged Race/Hispanic Origin:
  	Code	Label
  	"2148-5"	Mexican
  	"2180-8"	Puerto Rican
  	"2182-4"	Cuban
  	"4"	Central or South American
  	"5"	Other and Unknown Hispanic
  	"6"	Non-Hispanic White
  	"7"	Non-Hispanic Black
  	"8"	Non-Hispanic other races
  	"9"	Origin unknown or not stated
  	"10"	Not Available (2019 and later)
  	"100"	Not Reported

  ---

  
  

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  Mother's Expanded Hispanic Origin:
  	Code	Label
  	"0"	Non-Hispanic
  	"2148-5"	Mexican
  	"2180-8"	Puerto Rican
  	"2182-4"	Cuban
  	"4"	Central or South American
  	"7"	Dominican
  	"5"	Other and Unknown Hispanic
  	"9"	Unknown or not stated
  	"10"	Not Available (Years 2014-2018)
  	"100"	Not Reported

  ---

1. Click a round button to switch between the lists for Mother's Race.
2. See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• About "Single Race" categories: Beginning in 2018, all jurisdictions and the National Center for Health Statistics are reporting race consistent with the 1997 Office of Management and Budget standards that allow for the reporting of a minimum of five race categories either by single race (i.e., reported alone) or in combination (i.e., more than one race or multiple races).
• Not Reported: For some reporting areas and years, mother's race data are categorized as "Not Reported." For more information, see About Not Reported Data. For example, "Mother's Race" is coded to "Not Reported" for Rhode Island in 2015.
• Not Available: For years before 2019, Mother's Single/Multi Race 31 data are not available.
• The following acronyms are reported in the category labels for the Mother's Single/Multi Race 31:
  American Indian or Alaska Native (AIAN)
  Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (NHOPI)
• When results are exported to a file, the labels and the codes are in separate columns. Public Health Information Network (PHIN) compatible codes are used when applicable. See codes and labels for the Mother's Race categories below.

• See How do I select items from the list box?.
• Click a round button to switch between the maternal age lists.

Notes:   

• Prior to May 2022, Age of Mother was also available in yearly age groups with an age category for 10-12 year old mothers, single-year age increments from 13 years through 49 years; and a category for age 50 years and over. These more detailed categories are no longer available on CDC WONDER, per updates to the National Vital Statistics System privacy policy.
• When the data results are exported to a file, two columns are provided, a column for the Age group code value and a column for the label. See codes and labels for the basic 9 age groups below.
  

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  	Code	Label
  	"15"	Under 15 years
  	"15-19"	15 - 19 years
  	"20-24"	20 - 24 years
  	"25-29"	25 - 29 years
  	"30-34"	30 - 34 years
  	"35-39"	35 - 39 years
  	"40-44"	40 - 44 years
  	"45-49"	45 - 49 years
  	"50+"	50 years and over

  ---

Notes:   

• Mother's Education data are "Not Reported" for the following years and reporting jurisdictions:
  2014: Alaska; Colorado; Connecticut; Massachusetts; New Jersey; New York, Upstate; Rhode Island; Virginia; West Virginia;
  2015: Connecticut; New Jersey; New York, Upstate; Rhode Island; West Virginia;
  2016: Connecticut; New Jersey; New York, Upstate; Rhode Island; West Virginia;
  2017: Connecticut; New York, Upstate; Rhode Island;
  2018: Rhode Island;
  2019: Rhode Island;
  2020: Hawaii; Rhode Island;
  2021: Hawaii; Rhode Island.
  For more information, see About Not Reported Data.
• When the data results are exported to a file, two columns are provided for Maternal Education, the code value and the label.
  

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  Maternal Education:
  	Code	Label
  	"1"	8th grade or less
  	"2"	9th through 12th grade with no diploma
  	"3"	High school graduate or GED completed
  	"4"	Some college credit, but not a degree
  	"5"	Associate degree (AA, AS)
  	"6"	Bachelor's degree (BA, AB, BS)
  	"7"	Master's degree (MA, MS)
  	"8"	Doctorate (PHD, EdD) or Professional Degree (MD, DDS, DVM, LLB, JD)
  	"Unk"	Unknown/Not on certificate
  	"NR"	Not Reported

  ---

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Note:    When the data results are exported to a file, two columns are provided for this field, the code value and the label, as noted above.

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Note:    When the data results are exported to a file, two columns are provided for this field, the code value and the label. The codes are also shown inside parenthesis at the end of each label.

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Note:    When the data results are exported to a file, two columns are provided for this field, the code value and the label. The codes are also shown inside parenthesis at the end of each label.

How?    

1. Click a round button to switch between the list of categories for paternal age.
2. See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• Before June 2022, more detailed categories for father's age were available in single year increments from 9 years - 98 years (9, 10, 11... 98); Unknown or Not Stated; Not Reported.
• "Age of Father" has been coded to "Not Reported" for the following specified years and reporting areas:
  2017-2021 - Alabama;
  2019-2021 - Arkansas;
  2017-2021 - District of Columbia;
  2017-2021 - Georgia;
  2020-2021 - Hawaii;
  2020 - Kentucky;
  2017-2018 - New Jersey;
  2021 - New Mexico;
  2017-2021 - New York Upstate;
  2017-2021 - New York City;
  2017; 2019 - Tennessee;
  2005-2021 - Virginia;
  2019; 2021 - Wisconsin.
  See About Not Reported Data.
• When the data results are exported to a file, two columns are provided, a column for the Age group code value and a column for the label. See codes and labels for the 11 paternal age groups below.
  

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  	Code	Label
  	"1"	Under 15 years
  	"2"	15 - 19 years
  	"3"	20 - 24 years
  	"4"	25 - 29 years
  	"5"	30 - 34 years
  	"6"	35 - 39 years
  	"7"	40 - 44 years
  	"8"	45 - 49 years
  	"9"	50 - 54 years
  	"55+"	55 years and older
  	"NS"	Unknown or Not Stated
  	"NR"	Not Reported

  ---

• See How do I select items from the list box?.
• Click a round button to switch between the lists for Prenatal Care categories.

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• Interval Since Last Live Birth are "Not Reported" for the following years and reporting jurisdictions:
  2014: Alaska; Colorado; Connecticut; Massachusetts; New Jersey; New York, Upstate; Rhode Island; Virginia; West Virginia;
  2015: Connecticut; New Jersey; New York, Upstate; Rhode Island; West Virginia;
  2016: Connecticut; New Jersey; New York, Upstate; Rhode Island; West Virginia;
  2017: Connecticut; New York, Upstate; Rhode Island; Washington;
  2018: Washington;
  2019: Washington;
  2020: Washington;
  2021: Hawaii; Washington.
  For more information, see About Not Reported Data.
• When the data results are exported to a file, two columns are provided, a column for the code value and a column for the label. See codes and labels below for the categories.
  

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  	Code	Label
  	"0"	Zero to 3 months (plural delivery)
  	"1"	4 to 11 months
  	"2"	12 to 17 months
  	"3"	18 to 23 months
  	"4"	24 to 35 months
  	"5"	36 to 47 months
  	"6"	48 to 59 months
  	"7"	60 to 71 months
  	"8"	72 months and over
  	"88"	Not Applicable (1st live birth)
  	"99"	Unknown or Not Stated
  	"100"	Not Reported

  ---

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• Before new data privacy polices effective June 2022, Prior Births Now Living and Prior Births Now Data included more detail, including zero through thirty live births in 1 birth increments (0,1,2... 30).
• For the specified year the following reporting areas data for "Prior Births Now Dead" coded to "Not Reported:"
  2021: Hawaii.
  For more information, see About Not Reported Data.
• When the data results are exported to a file, two columns are provided, a column for the code value and a column for the label. Codes values are numeric for the number of prior births, and also shown in parenthesis after the category labels: Unknown or Not Stated (99); Not Reported (100).

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• For the specified year the following reporting areas have "Live Birth Order" coded to "Not Reported:"
  2015: Rhode Island;
  2021: Hawaii.
  For more information, see About Not Reported Data. When the data results are exported to a file, the code is shown in a separate column from the category label.
  
  

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  	Code	Label
  	"00"	No live births
  	"01"	1st child born alive to mother
  	"02"	2nd child born alive to mother
  	"03"	3rd child born alive to mother
  	"04"	4th child born alive to mother
  	"05"	5th child born alive to mother
  	"06"	6th child born alive to mother
  	"07"	7th child born alive to mother
  	"08"	8th child or more born alive to mother
  	"09"	Unknown or not stated
  	"100"	Not Reported

  ---

• See How do I select items from the list box?.
• Click a round button to switch between the lists for Prenatal Care categories.

• See How do I select items from the list box?.
• Click a round button to switch between the lists for Prenatal Care categories.

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• WIC data are "Not Reported" for the following years and reporting jurisdictions:
  2014: Alaska; Colorado; Connecticut; Massachusetts; New Jersey; New York, Upstate; New York City; Rhode Island; Virginia; West Virginia;
  2015: Connecticut; Indiana; New Jersey; New York, Upstate; New York City; Rhode Island; West Virginia;
  2016: Connecticut; Indiana; New Jersey; New York, Upstate; New York City; Rhode Island; West Virginia;
  2017: Connecticut; New York, Upstate; New York City; Rhode Island;
  2018: Indiana; New York City; Rhode Island;
  2019: District of Columbia; Hawaii; New York City; Rhode Island;
  2020: Hawaii; New York City; Rhode Island;
  2021: District of Columbia; Hawaii; New York City; Rhode Island.
  For more information, see About Not Reported Data.
• When the data results are exported to a file, two columns are provided for this field, label and the code value, as noted above inside parenthesis.

• See How do I select items from the list box?.
• Click a round button to switch between the lists for categories for Number of Cigarettes.

Notes:   

• Cigarette and tobacco data are categorized as "Not Reported" for some reporting areas and years. See About Not Reported Data.
• When you export the results of your data request, the labels and the codes are in separate columns.
• About revised 2018 data for Mother's Tobacco Use and the number of Daily Cigarettes 3rd Trimester:    On March 8, 2021, the revised data records for 2018 Fetal Deaths were released on CDC WONDER, with changes to two data fields: Mother's Tobacco Use and the number of Daily Cigarettes 3rd Trimester. For more information, please see About Revised 2018 Fetal Deaths.
• Before June 2022, Mother's Height in Inches was available in more detail, in categories of single increments of 30 inches - 78 inches.

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• For more detailed data on tobacco use and pregnancy, see Cigarettes.
• When you export the results of your data request, the labels and the codes are in separate columns. Codes are shown in parenthesis after the category labels below: Yes (1); No (2); Unknown or Not Stated (9); Not Reported (10).
• About revised 2018 data for Mother's Tobacco Use and the number of Daily Cigarettes 3rd Trimester:    On March 8, 2021, the revised data records for 2018 Fetal Deaths were released on CDC WONDER, with changes to two data fields: Mother's Tobacco Use and the number of Daily Cigarettes 3rd Trimester. For more information, please see About Revised 2018 Fetal Deaths.

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Note:    When you export the results of your data request, the labels and the codes are in separate columns.

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• Pre-pregnancy Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes include data that are specific to the 2003 revision of the U.S. Standard Report of Fetal Death (revised items).
• Diabetes includes data that are comparable across the 1989 and 2003 revisions of the U.S. Standard Report of Fetal Death.
• Pre-pregnancy Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes data are coded to "Not Reported" for the following ten reporting areas and years:
  Alaska 2014;
  Colorado 2014;
  Connecticut 2014-2017;
  Massachusetts 2014;
  New Jersey 2014-2016;
  New York, Upstate 2014-2017;
  Rhode Island 2014, 2016-2017;
  Virginia 2014;
  Washington 2016-2018
  West Virginia 2014-2016.
  See About Not Reported Data.
• Diabetes data are coded to "Not Reported" for fetal deaths that occurred in these two reporting areas in these years:
  Rhode Island 2016 -2017;
  Washington 2016-2018.
  See About Not Reported Data.
• When you export the results of your data request, the labels and the codes are in separate columns. The categories and codes for Diabetes data are Yes (1); No (2); Unknown or Not Stated (9); Not Reported (10).

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• Pregnancy-associated Hypertension and Chronic Hypertension include data that are comparable across the 1989 and 2003 revisions of the U.S. Standard Report of Fetal Death.
• The following two reporting areas have Pregnancy-associated Hypertension and Chronic Hypertension data coded to "Not Reported" for fetal deaths that occurred in these years:
  Rhode Island 2016 -2017;
  Washington 2016-2018.
  See About Not Reported Data.
• When you export the results of your data request, the labels and the codes are in separate columns. The categories and codes for Hypertension data are Yes (1); No (2); Unknown or Not Stated (9); Not Reported (10).

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• The following two reporting areas have Eclampsia data coded to "Not Reported" for fetal deaths that occurred in these years:
  Rhode Island 2016 -2017;
  Washington 2016-2018.
  See About Not Reported Data.
• Eclampsia data are comparable across the 1989 and 2003 revisions of the U.S. Standard Report of Fetal Death.
• Data for Eclampsia are derived from the "urf_eclam" variable in the public use data.
• When you export the results of your data request, the labels and the codes are in separate columns. The categories and codes for Eclampsia data are Yes (1); No (2); Not Applicable (3); Unknown or Not Stated (9); Not Reported (10).

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• Previous Cesarean Delivery data are coded to "Not Reported" for the following ten reporting areas and years:
  Alaska 2014;
  Colorado 2014;
  Connecticut 2014-2017;
  Massachusetts 2014;
  New Jersey 2014-2016;
  New York, Upstate 2014-2017;
  Rhode Island 2014, 2016-2017;
  Virginia 2014;
  Washington 2016-2018;
  West Virginia 2014-2016.
  See About Not Reported Data.
• Previous Cesarean Delivery data are specific to the 2003 revision of the U.S. Standard Report of Fetal Death (revised items).
• When you export the results of your data request, the labels and the codes are in separate columns. The categories and codes are Yes (1); No (2); Unknown or Not Stated (9); Not Reported (10).

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• The Number of Previous Cesareans data are specific to the 2003 revision of the U.S. Standard Report of Fetal Death (revised items).
• When you export the results of your data request, the labels and the codes are in separate columns. The number of previous cesarean deliveries to this mother are reported in 7 categories: single increments from 0-3 (0,1,2,3); 4 or more previous cesareans (4); Unknown or Not Stated (99); Not Reported (100).
• Before June 2022, data for the Number of Previous Cesareans was available in more detail, including categories in single increments from zero previous cesareans through 11 previous cesareans.

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• Infertility Treatment Used data are specific to the 2003 revision of the U.S. Standard Report of Fetal Death (revised items).
• Infertility Treatment Used data are coded to "Not Reported" for the following ten reporting areas and years:
  Alaska 2014;
  Colorado 2014;
  Connecticut 2014-2017;
  Massachusetts 2014;
  New Jersey 2014-2016;
  New York, Upstate 2014-2017;
  Rhode Island 2014, 2016-2017;
  Virginia 2014;
  Washington 2016-2018;
  West Virginia 2014-2016.
  See About Not Reported Data.
• When you export the results of your data request, the labels and the codes are in separate columns. The categories and codes are Yes (1); No (2); Unknown or Not Stated (9); Not Reported (10).

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• Assistive Reproductive Technology data are specific to the 2003 revision of the U.S. Standard Report of Fetal Death (revised items).
• The following ten reporting areas have Assistive Reproductive Technology data coded to "Not Reported:"
  Alaska 2014;
  Colorado 2014;
  Connecticut 2014-2017;
  Massachusetts 2014;
  New Jersey 2014-2016;
  New York, Upstate 2014-2017;
  Rhode Island 2014, 2016-2017;
  Virginia 2014;
  Washington 2016-2018;
  West Virginia 2014-2016.
  See About Not Reported Data.
• "Assistive Reproductive Technology" is coded to "Not Applicable" for records where "Infertility Treatment Used" is "No".
• When you export the results of your data request, the labels and the codes are in separate columns. The categories and codes for Assistive Reproductive Technology data are Yes (1); No (2); Not Applicable (3); Unknown or Not Stated (9); Not Reported (10).

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• Fertility Enhancing Drugs data are specific to the 2003 revision of the U.S. Standard Report of Fetal Death (revised items).
• The following ten reporting areas have Assistive Reproductive Technology data coded to "Not Reported:"
  Alaska 2014;
  Colorado 2014;
  Connecticut 2014-2017;
  Massachusetts 2014;
  New Jersey 2014-2016;
  New York, Upstate 2014-2017;
  Rhode Island 2014, 2016-2017;
  Virginia 2014;
  Washington 2016-2018;
  West Virginia 2014-2016.
  See About Not Reported Data.
• "Fertility Enhancing Drugs" is coded to "Not Applicable" for records where "Infertility Treatment Used" is "No".
• When you export the results of your data request, the labels and the codes are in separate columns. The categories and codes for Fertility Enhancing Drugs data are Yes (1); No (2); Not Applicable (3); Unknown or Not Stated (9); Not Reported (10).

• See How do I select items from the list box?.
• Click a round button to switch between the lists for Delivery Place, Delivery Method, and Source of Payment.

Hint:   You can only pick one list for Delivery Place and Delivery Method for any data request. The round radio button indicates the selected list, any selections in the other gestational age or birth weight lists are ignored. The "by-variables" in section 1 and the round radio button selections must match. For example, if you select to group results by the categories in "Delivery Method Expanded" in section 1, then you should set the radio button to select the same list in section 8.

Note:   When the data results are exported to a file, the code is shown in a separate column from the category.

How?    See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• Month data are derived from the "dob_mm" field found in the public use data.
• When the data results are exported to a file, the code is shown in a separate column from the category label.
  
  

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  	Code	Label
  	"1"	January
  	"2"	February
  	"3"	March
  	"4"	April
  	"5"	May
  	"6"	June
  	"7"	July
  	"8"	August
  	"9"	September
  	"10"	October
  	"11"	November
  	"12"	December

  ---

How?    See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• Note that there are a different number of days of the week in each year.
• Weekday data are derived from the "dob_wk" field found in the public use data.
• When the data results are exported to a file, the code is shown in a separate column from the category label. Data are available in two categories: Weekend (1); Weekday (2).
• Before June 2022, data for Weekday were available in more detail, including categories for each day of the week.
• The following codes and labels describe Weekday data categories before June 2022.
  
  

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  	Code	Label
  	"1"	Sunday
  	"2"	Monday
  	"3"	Tuesday
  	"4"	Wednesday
  	"5"	Thursday
  	"6"	Friday
  	"7"	Saturday
  	"9"	Unknown

  ---

How?    See How do I select items from the list box?.

Note:   

When the data results are exported to a file, the code is shown in a separate column from the category label.

• See How do I select items from the list box?.
• Click a round button to switch between the lists for Delivery Place, and the lists for Delivery Method.

Hint:   You can only pick one list for Delivery Place for any data request. The round radio button indicates the selected list, any selections in the other Delivery Place lists are ignored. The "by-variables" in section 1 and the round radio button selections must match. For example, if you select to group results by the categories in "Delivery Place Recode 6" in section 1, then you should set the radio button to select the same list in section 8.

Notes:   

• California does not report whether home deliveries were intended or not. Therefore, births in California homes are categorized as "Home (unknown if intended)" for place of delivery.
• The following nine reporting areas have Delivery Place data coded to "Not Reported:"
  Alaska 2014;
  Colorado 2014;
  Connecticut 2014-2017;
  Massachusetts 2014;
  New Jersey 2014-2016;
  New York, Upstate 2014-2017;
  Rhode Island 2014;
  Virginia 2014;
  Washington 2016-2017;
  West Virginia 2014-2016.
  See About Not Reported Data.
• When the data results are exported to a file, the code is shown in a separate column from the category label.

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• Delivery Attendant data are derived from the "ATTEND" field found in the public use data.
• The category for Certified Nurse Midwife (CNM / CM) represents certified nurse midwife (CNM), certified midwife (CM), and advanced practice registered nurse (APRN). The category for Other Midwife represents a midwife other than CNM/CM, and includes Certified Professional Midwife (CPM).
• When the data results are exported to a file, the code is shown in a separate column from the category label.
  
  

  ---

  	Code	Label
  	"1"	Doctor of Medicine (MD)
  	"2"	Doctor of Osteopathy (DO)
  	"3"	Certified Nurse Midwife (CNM / CM)
  	"4"	Other Midwife
  	"5"	Other
  	"9"	Unknown or Not Stated
  	"10"	Not Reported

  ---

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• The following nine reporting areas have Fetal Presentation data coded to "Not Reported:" in the indicated years:
  Alaska 2014;
  Colorado 2014;
  Connecticut 2014-2017;
  Massachusetts 2014;
  New Jersey 2014-2016;
  New York, Upstate 2014-2017;
  Rhode Island 2014, 2017;
  Virginia 2014;
  West Virginia 2014-2016.
  See About Not Reported Data.
• When the data results are exported to a file, the code is shown in a separate column from the category label.

  ---

  	Code	Label
  	"1"	Cephalic
  	"2"	Breech
  	"3"	Other
  	"9"	Unknown or Not Stated
  	"100"	Not Reported

  ---

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• The following nine reporting areas have Final Route and Delivery Method data coded to "Not Reported" in the indicated years:
  Alaska 2014;
  Colorado 2014;
  Connecticut 2014-2017;
  Massachusetts 2014;
  New Jersey 2014-2016;
  New York, Upstate 2014-2017;
  Rhode Island 2014;
  Virginia 2014;
  West Virginia 2014-2016.
  See About Not Reported Data.
• When the data results are exported to a file, the code is shown in a separate column from the category label.

  ---

  	Code	Label
  	"1"	Spontaneous
  	"2"	Forceps
  	"3"	Vacuum
  	"4"	Cesarean
  	"9"	Unknown or Not Stated
  	"100"	Not Reported

  ---

How?    

• See How do I select items from the list box?.
• Click a round button to switch between the lists for Delivery Method.

Hint:   You can only pick one list for Delivery Method for any data request. The round radio button indicates the selected list, any selections in the other Delivery Method lists are ignored. The "by-variables" in section 1 and the round radio button selections must match. For example, if you select to group results by the categories in "Delivery Method Expanded" in section 1, then you should set the radio button to select the same list in section 8.

Note:    When the data results are exported to a file, the code is shown in a separate column from the category label.

How?    

• See How do I select items from the list box?.
• Click a round button to switch between the lists for Delivery Method.

Hint:   You can only pick one list for Delivery Method for any data request. The round radio button indicates the selected list, any selections in the other Delivery Method lists are ignored. The "by-variables" in section 1 and the round radio button selections must match. For example, if you select to group results by the categories in "Delivery Method Expanded" in section 1, then you should set the radio button to select the same list in section 8.

Notes:   

• The following nine reporting areas have Delivery Method Expanded data coded to "Not Reported:"
  Alaska 2014;
  Colorado 2014;
  Connecticut 2014-2017;
  Massachusetts 2014;
  New Jersey 2014-2016;
  New York, Upstate 2014-2017;
  Rhode Island 2014;
  Virginia 2014;
  Washington 2018;
  West Virginia 2014-2016.
  See About Not Reported Data.
• When the data results are exported to a file, the code is shown in a separate column from the category label.

  ---

  	Code	Label
  	"1"	Vaginal (excludes vaginal after previous C-section)
  	"2"	Vaginal after previous c-section
  	"3"	Primary C-section
  	"4"	Repeat C-section
  	"5"	Vaginal (unknown if previous c-section)
  	"6"	C-section (unknown if previous c-section)
  	"9"	Unknown or Not Stated
  	"100"	Not Reported

  ---

How?     See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:   

• Trial of Labor Attempted data are coded to "Not Reported" for the following reporting areas and years:
  Alaska 2014;
  Colorado 2014;
  Connecticut 2014-2017;
  Hawaii 2021;
  Massachusetts 2014;
  New Jersey 2014-2016;
  New York, Upstate 2014-2017;
  Rhode Island 2014;
  Virginia 2014;2020-2021;
  West Virginia 2014-2016.
  See About Not Reported Data.
• When the data results are exported to a file, the code is shown in a separate column from the category label.

  ---

  	Code	Label
  	"1"	Yes
  	"2"	No
  	"3"	Not Applicable
  	"9"	Unknown or Not Stated
  	"10"	Not Reported

  ---

Notes:   

• Some fetal deaths that were not vaginal deliveries were incorrectly coded as forceps deliveries. For these records, Forceps field was recoded to "No" when Delivery Method was "Cesarean," and Forceps was recoded to "Unknown" when Delivery Method was "Unknown." Approximately .05% of the records were recoded per request of the Division of Vital Statistics in CDC's National Center for Health Statistics. This recode resulted in counts in WONDER differing from those found in the public use data files.
• Forceps delivery data from the 1989 revision are coded to "Not Available" beginning with fetal deaths in 2018. Please see "Final Route and Delivery Method" data from the 2003 revision, which includes this information in a new format.
• Data for Forceps are derived from the "ume_forcp" field in the public use data in years 2006 - 2018. Data are available for additional years at Fetal Deaths.
• When the data results are exported to a file, the Forceps code is shown in a separate column from the category label. Codes for each category label are listed below.
  
  

  ---

  	Code	Label
  	"1"	Yes
  	"2"	No
  	"3"	Not Available
  	"9"	Unknown or Not Stated
  	"100"	Not Reported

  ---

Notes:   

• Some fetal deaths that were not vaginal deliveries were incorrectly coded as vacuum deliveries. For these records Vacuum field was recoded to "No" when Delivery Method was "Cesarean," and Vacuum was recoded to "Unknown" when Delivery Method was "Unknown". Approximately .05% of the records were recoded per request of the Division of Vital Statistics in CDC's National Center for Health Statistics. This recode resulted in counts in WONDER differing from those found in the public use data files.
• Vacuum delivery data from the 1989 revision are coded to "Not Available" beginning with fetal deaths in 2018. Please see "Final Route and Delivery Method" data from the 2003 revision, which includes this information in a new format.
• Data for Vacuum are derived from the "vacuum" variable in the public use data in year 2005. Data for Vacuum are derived from the "ume_vac" variable in the public use data in years 2006 - 2018. Data are available for additional years at Fetal Deaths.
• When the data results are exported to a file, the Vacuum code is shown in a separate column from the category label. Codes for each category label are listed below.
  
  

  ---

  	Code	Label
  	"1"	Yes
  	"2"	No
  	"3"	Not Available
  	"9"	Unknown or Not Stated
  	"100"	Not Reported

  ---

Notes:   

• Breech delivery data from the 1989 revision are coded to "Not Available" beginning with fetal deaths in 2018. Please see "Fetal Presentation" data from the 2003 revision, which includes this information in a new format.
• Data for Breech are derived from the "uld_breech" variable in the public use data.
• When the data results are exported to a file, the Breech code is shown in a separate column from the category label. Codes for each category label are listed below.
  
  

  ---

  	Code	Label
  	"1"	Yes
  	"2"	No
  	"3"	Not Available
  	"9"	Unknown or Not Stated
  	"100"	Not Reported

  ---

How?

See How do I select items from the list box?.

Notes:  

• The following nine reporting areas have Ruptured Uterus and Admission to Intensive Care Unit data coded to "Not Reported:"
  Alaska 2014;
  Colorado 2014;
  Connecticut 2014-2017;
  Massachusetts 2014;
  New Jersey 2014-2016;
  New York, Upstate 2014-2017;
  Rhode Island 2014, 2017;
  Virginia 2014;
  West Virginia 2014-2016.
  See About Not Reported Data.
• When the data results are exported to a file, the code is shown in a separate column from the category label. The categories and codes for maternal morbidity data are Yes (1); No (2); Unknown or Not Stated (9), Not Reported (10).

Limit your data for any of the following data elements:

1. Gender (Sex) of Child - Female; Male.
2. Delivery Weight
   Infant's weight at delivery is available in 4 sets of categories, through 8165 grams, or Not stated:
   • 4 groups: 1499 grams or less; 1500-2499 grams; 2500-8165 grams; Unknown or Not Stated;
   • 14 groups in 250 gram increments from 249 grams or less through 8165 grams; Unknown or Not Stated;
   • 16 groups in variable increments for year 2021 only: 249 grams or less, then 250 gram increments from 250 -1499 grams; 500 gram increments from 1500 - 4999 grams; 5000 - 8165 grams; Unknown or Not stated; Not Reported; Not Available (deaths in years before 2021);
   • 100 gram increments from 0-99 grams through 8165 grams; Unknown or Not Stated.
3. Plurality or Multiple Deliveries - Single; Twin; Triplet or higher.
4. Gestational Age at Delivery
   Gestational age groups are available in 3 sets of categories, representing the duration of the pregnancy at the time of delivery, based on Obstetric Estimate (OE):
   • 4 age groups: 20-23 weeks; 24-27 weeks; 28 weeks or more; Unknown; Not Available.
   • 10 age groups: 20-23 weeks; 24-27 weeks; 28-31 weeks; 32-33 weeks; 34-36 weeks; 37-38 weeks; 39-40 weeks; 41 weeks; 42 weeks and over; Unknown or Not Stated.
   • Weekly age groups: single week increments from 20 weeks through 47 weeks; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Available.
5. Estimated Time of Fetal Death in 5 categories: At assessment, no labor; At assessment, labor; Labor, no assessment; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Reported.
6. Was Autopsy Performed? in 5 categories: Yes; No; Planned; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Reported.
7. Was Histological Placental Exam Performed? in 5 categories: Yes; No; Planned; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Reported.
8. Was Autop/Hist results used in cause? in 5 categories: Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Applicable; Not Reported.
9. Estimated Time of Fetal Death At assessment, no labor; At assessment, labor; Labor, no assessment; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Reported.

Infant Delivery Weight

Infant Delivery Weight indicates weight ranges for the infant at the time of delivery. The weight at delivery is available in 3 sets of categories through 8165 grams, or Unknown or not stated:

• 4 groups in 1500 gram increments:
  1499 grams or less; 1500 - 2499 grams; 2500 - 8165 grams; Unknown or not stated; Not Reported;
• 14 groups in 250 gram increments:
  249 grams or less, then 250 gram increments from 250 - 4999 grams; 5000 - 8165 grams; Unknown or Not stated; Not Reported;
• 16 groups in increments comparable to birth weights:
  249 grams or less, then 250 gram increments from 250 -1499 grams; 500 gram increments from 1500 - 4999 grams; 5000 - 8165 grams; Unknown or Not stated; Not Reported; Not Available (deaths in years before 2021);
• 100 gram increments:
  0 - 99 grams; then 100 gram increments from 100 - 8099 grams; 8100 - 8165 grams; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Reported.

Gestational Age at Delivery

Select a range of weeks that represents the duration of the pregnancy at the time of delivery, based on Obstetric Estimate (OE).

NOTE: Beginning in 2014 NCHS changed the standard for gestational period from the Last Menstrual Period (LMP) based gestational age to the Obstetric/clinical Estimate (OE) based gestational age. Obstetric/clinical Estimate (OE) based gestational age groups are available for years 2007 and later in WONDER since February 2016. Refer to Measuring Gestational Age in Vital Statistics Data: Transitioning to the Obstetric Estimate for more information.

Gestational age at delivery data are organized in three groupings:

1. Gestational Age with 4 age groups:  20-23 weeks; 24-27 weeks; 28 weeks or more; Unknown; Not Available.
2. Gestational Age with 10 age groups:  20-23 weeks; 24-27 weeks; 28-31 weeks; 32-33 weeks; 34-36 weeks; 37-38 weeks; 38-40 weeks; 41 weeks; 42 weeks and over; Unknown or Not Stated.
3. Gestational Age - Weekly:  - single week increments from 20 weeks through 47 weeks; Unknown or not stated; Not Available.

Sex of Infant

This field indicates the sex of the child as recorded on the report of fetal death.

Plurality or Multiple Delivery

The Plurality field indicates if more than one infant shared the gestation.

Estimated Time of Fetal Death

This field reports the estimated time of fetal death in five categories: At assessment, no labor; At assessment, labor; Labor, no assessment; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Reported.

Was Autopsy Performed?

This field indicates whether an autopsy was performed, in five categories: Yes; No; Planned; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Reported.

Was Histological Placental Exam Performed?

This field indicates whether a histological placental exam was performed, in five categories: Yes; No; Planned; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Reported.

Was autopsy or histological placental exam used in classifying cause of death?

This field indicates whether an autopsy or histological placental exam was used in classifying cause of death. Data are available in five categories: Yes; No; Unknown or Not Stated; Not Applicable; Not Reported.

Limit your data to deaths due to the selected causes. Pick the round button to show one of the following lists of causes of death:

1. ICD-10 Codes
2. 124 Selected Causes of Fetal Death

Select the International Classification of Disease (ICD) categories that represent the underlying cause of death from the death certificate. Any number of causes can be specified here. However, you can only request data from one of the lists: the ICD codes (organized by chapters, sub-chapters and codes), or the groups of selected causes of death (organized by group and codes). Be sure the radio button for ICD-10 Codes or 124 Selected Causes is set to your choice. You can leave the field at the default selection for all causes of death, and choose to organize or group the data results by these variables to show these stratifications.

ICD-10 Codes

Limit the data to any number of causes of death, for selected chapters, sub-chapters or codes.

124 Selected Causes of Fetal Death

Limit the data to any number of selected causes of death, or individual causes.

See Source in the Summary section above, or see the suggested citation below. To learn more about the methods and source of these data please refer to:

• Fetal Deaths web page from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)
• Vital Stats Online

• Locations: changes to state codes over time
• Additional Information

Locations - About FIPS State Codes

The FIPS state codes were established by the National Bureau of Standards, U.S. Department of Commerce in 1968. This standard set of codes provides names and codes for the 50 states of the United States and the District of Columbia. The system is standard throughout the Federal Government. The state codes are ascending, two-digit numbers. Some changes in the FIPS codes have occurred since 1968.

A modified version of the FIPS state is used to identify states on NCHS public-use data files. The modifications as implemented in this public-use data set are described below.

Modifications of FIPS State Codes

The "Expanded Residence" list breaks New York into two entities:

1. New York, Upstate (FIPS code 36)
2. New York City (code 70)